Managerial Accounting: Creating Value in a Dynamic Business Environment
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259569562
Author: Ronald W Hilton Proffesor Prof, David Platt
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 43P
Quincy Farms produces items made from local farm products that are distributed to supermarkets. For many years, Quincy’s products have had strong regional sales on the basis of brand recognition: however, other companies have begun marketing similar products in the area, and price competition has become increasingly important. Doug Gilbert, the company’s controller, is planning to implement a standard cost system for Quincy and has gathered considerable information from his co-workers on production and material requirements for Quincy’s products. Gilbert believes that the use of
Quincy’s most popular product is strawberry jam. The jam is produced in 10-gallon batches, and each batch requires six quarts of good strawberries. The fresh strawberries are sorted by hand before entering the production process. Because of imperfections in the strawberries and normal spoilage, one quart of berries is discarded for every four quarts of acceptable berries. Three minutes is the standard direct-labor time for sorting required to obtain one quart of acceptable strawberries. The acceptable strawberries are then blended with the other ingredients. Blending requires 12 minutes of direct-labor time per batch. After blending, the jam is packaged in quart containers. Gilbert has gathered the following information from Joe Adams, Quincy’s cost accountant.
- Quincy purchases strawberries at a cost of $.80 per quart. All other ingredients cost a total of $.45 per gallon.
- Direct labor is paid at the rate of $9.00 per hour.
- The total cost of material and labor required to package the jam is $.38 per quart.
Adams has a friend who owns a strawberry farm that has been losing money in recent years. Because of good crops, there has been an oversupply of strawberries, and prices have dropped to $.50 per quart. Adams has arranged for Quincy to purchase strawberries from his friend and hopes that $.80 per quart will help his friend’s farm become profitable again.
Required:
- 1. Develop the standard cost for the direct-cost components of a 10-gallon batch of strawberry jam. The standard cost should identify the following amounts for each direct-cost component of a batch of strawberry jam: (a) standard quantity, (b) standard price or rate, and (c) standard cost per batch.
- 2. Citing the specific ethical standards of competence, confidentiality, integrity, and credibility for
management accountants (see “IMA Statement of Ethical Professional Practice” in Chapter 1), explain why Joe Adams’s behavior regarding the cost information provided to Doug Gilbert is unethical. - 3. As part of the implementation of a standard-costing system at Quincy Farms, Doug Gilbert plans to train those responsible for maintaining the standards in the use of
variance analysis . Gilbert is particularly concerned with the causes of unfavorable variances. Discuss the possible causes of the following unfavorable variances and identify the individual(s) who should be held responsible: (a) direct-material purchase price variance and (b) direct-labor efficiency variance.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Mary Jones and Jack Smart have joined forces to start M&J Food Products, a processor of packaged shredded lettuce for institutional use. Jack has years of food processing experience, and Mary has extensive commercial food preparation experience. The process will consist of opening crates of lettuce and then sorting, washing, slicing, preserving, and finally packaging the prepared lettuce. Together, with help from vendors, they think they can adequately estimate demand, fixed costs, revenues, and variable cost per 5-pound bag of lettuce. They think a largely manual process will have monthly fixed cost of $50,000 and a variable cost of $2.50 per bag. They expect to sell 75,000 bags of lettuce per month. They expect to sell the shredded lettuce for $3.25 per 5-pound bag. Jack and Mary has been contacted by a vendor to consider a more mechanized process. This new process will have monthly fixed cost of $125,000 per month with a variable cost of $1.75 per bag. Based on the above…
Mary Jones and Jack Smart have joined forces to start M&J Food Products, a processor of packaged shredded lettuce for institutional use. Jack has years of food processing experience, and Mary has extensive commercial food preparation experience. The process will consist of opening crates of lettuce and then sorting, washing, slicing, preserving, and finally packaging the prepared lettuce. Together, with help from vendors, they think they can adequately estimate demand, fixed costs, revenues, and variable cost per 5-pound bag of lettuce. They think a largely manual process will have monthly fixed cost of $50,000 and a variable cost of $2.50 per bag. They expect to sell 75,000 bags of lettuce per month. They expect to sell the shredded lettuce for $3.25 per 5-pound bag. Jack and Mary has been contacted by a vendor to consider a more mechanized process. This new process will have monthly fixed cost of $125,000 per month with a variable cost of $1.75 per bag. Based on the above…
Maxime S.A. is a small company that processes wild mushrooms found in the forests of central France. For many years, Maxime's
products have had strong sales in France. However, companies from other countries in Europe, such as Italy and Spain, have begun
marketing similar products in France, and price competition has become intense. Jean Gauthier, the company's controller, is planning
to implement a standard costing system for Maxime and has gathered considerable information from the purchasing and production
managers concerning production and material requirements for Maxime's products. Gauthier believes that the use of standard costing
will allow Maxime to improve cost control and thereby better compete with the new entrants into the French market.
Maxime's most popular product is dried chanterelle mushrooms, which are sold in small vacuum-packed jars. Each jar contains 15
grams of dried mushrooms. Fresh mushrooms are purchased for €60 per kilogram in bulk from individuals who gather…
Chapter 10 Solutions
Managerial Accounting: Creating Value in a Dynamic Business Environment
Ch. 10 - Prob. 1RQCh. 10 - What is meant by the phrase management by...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3RQCh. 10 - Prob. 4RQCh. 10 - Prob. 5RQCh. 10 - Prob. 6RQCh. 10 - What is the interpretation of the direct-material...Ch. 10 - What manager is usually in the best position to...Ch. 10 - What is the interpretation of the direct-material...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 10 - Prob. 11RQCh. 10 - What is the interpretation of the direct-labor...Ch. 10 - What manager is generally in the best position to...Ch. 10 - What is the interpretation of the direct-labor...Ch. 10 - What manager is generally in the best position to...Ch. 10 - Prob. 16RQCh. 10 - Describe five factors that managers often consider...Ch. 10 - Discuss several ways in which standard-costing...Ch. 10 - Describe how standard costs are used for product...Ch. 10 - Prob. 20RQCh. 10 - Prob. 21RQCh. 10 - Saskatewan Can Company manufactures recyclable...Ch. 10 - Refer to the data in the preceding exercise. Use...Ch. 10 - Cayuga Hardwoods produces handcrafted jewelry...Ch. 10 - During June, Danby Companys material purchases...Ch. 10 - Refer to the data in the preceding exercise. Draw...Ch. 10 - The director of cost management for Odessa Company...Ch. 10 - Due to evaporation during production, Plano...Ch. 10 - Prob. 30ECh. 10 - Refer to the data in Exercise 1022, regarding...Ch. 10 - Saskatewan Can Company manufactures recyclable...Ch. 10 - New Jersey Valve Company manufactured 7,800 units...Ch. 10 - Prob. 34PCh. 10 - During May, Joliet Fabrics Corporation...Ch. 10 - Sal Amato operates a residential landscaping...Ch. 10 - Santa Rosa Industries uses a standard-costing...Ch. 10 - The following data pertain to Colgate-Palmolives...Ch. 10 - Orion Corporation has established the following...Ch. 10 - Associated Media Graphics (AMG) is a rapidly...Ch. 10 - The director of cost management for Portland...Ch. 10 - Ogwood Companys Johnstown Division is a small...Ch. 10 - Quincy Farms produces items made from local farm...Ch. 10 - Schiffer Corporation manufactures agricultural...Ch. 10 - Aqua float Corporation manufactures rafts for use...Ch. 10 - Rocky Mountain Camping Equipment, Inc. has...Ch. 10 - Springsteen Company manufactures guitars. The...Ch. 10 - Springsteen Company manufactures guitars. The...Ch. 10 - European Styles, Inc. manufactures womens blouses...Ch. 10 - MacGyver Corporation manufactures a product called...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, accounting and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Midwest Home Furnishings Corporation (MHFC) manufactures a variety of housewares for the consumer market in the Midwest. The company’s three major product lines are cooking utensils, tableware, and flatware. MHFC implemented activity-based costing four years ago and now has a well-developed ABC system in place for determining product costs. Only recently, however, has the ABC system been systematically used for the purposes of activity-based management. As a pilot project, MHFC’s controller asked the ABC project team to do a detailed activity analysis of the purchasing activity. The following specific activities were identified. 1. Receipt of parts specifications from the Design Engineering Department. 2. Follow-up with design engineers to answer any questions. 3. Vendor (supplier) identification. 4. Vendor consultations (by phone or in person). 5. Price negotiation. 6. Vendor selection. 7. Ordering (by phone or mail). 8. Order follow-up. 9. Expediting (attempting to speed up…arrow_forwardPaul Golding and his wife, Nancy, established Crunchy Chips in 1938. Over the past 60 years, the company has established distribution channels in 11 western states, with production facilities in Utah, New Mexico, and Colorado. In 1980, Pauls son, Edward, took control of the business. By 2017, it was clear that the companys plants needed to gain better control over production costs to stay competitive. Edward hired a consultant to install a standard costing system. To help the consultant establish the necessary standards, Edward sent her the following memo: The manufacturing process for potato chips begins when the potatoes are placed into a large vat in which they are automatically washed. After washing, the potatoes flow directly to an automatic peeler. The peeled potatoes then pass by inspectors, who manually cut out deep eyes or other blemishes. After inspection, the potatoes are automatically sliced and dropped into the cooking oil. The frying process is closely monitored by an employee. After the chips are cooked, they pass under a salting device and then pass by more inspectors, who sort out the unacceptable finished chips (those that are discolored or too small). The chips then continue on the conveyor belt to a bagging machine that bags them in 1-pound bags. After bagging, the bags are placed in a box and shipped. The box holds 15 bags. The raw potato pieces (eyes and blemishes), peelings, and rejected finished chips are sold to animal feed producers for 0.16 per pound. The company uses this revenue to reduce the cost of potatoes. We would like this reflected in the price standard relating to potatoes. Crunchy Chips purchases high-quality potatoes at a cost of 0.245 per pound. Each potato averages 4.25 ounces. Under efficient operating conditions, it takes four potatoes to produce one 16-ounce bag of plain chips. Although we label bags as containing 16 ounces, we actually place 16.3 ounces in each bag. We plan to continue this policy to ensure customer satisfaction. In addition to potatoes, other raw materials are the cooking oil, salt, bags, and boxes. Cooking oil costs 0.04 per ounce, and we use 3.3 ounces of oil per bag of chips. The cost of salt is so small that we add it to overhead. Bags cost 0.11 each and boxes 0.52 each. Our plant produces 8.8 million bags of chips per year. A recent engineering study revealed that we would need the following direct labor hours to produce this quantity if our plant operates at peak efficiency: Im not sure that we can achieve the level of efficiency advocated by the study. In my opinion, the plant is operating efficiently for the level of output indicated if the hours allowed are about 10% higher. The hourly labor rates agreed upon with the union are: Overhead is applied on the basis of direct labor dollars. We have found that variable overhead averages about 116% of our direct labor cost. Our fixed overhead is budgeted at 1,135,216 for the coming year. Required: 1. Discuss the benefits of a standard costing system for Crunchy Chips. 2. Discuss the presidents concern about using the result of the engineering study to set the labor standards. What standard would you recommend? 3. Form a group with two or three other students. Develop a standard cost sheet for Crunchy Chips plain potato chips. Round all computations to four decimal places. 4. Suppose that the level of production was 8.8 million bags of potato chips for the year as planned. If 9.5 million pounds of potatoes were used, compute the materials usage variance for potatoes.arrow_forwardPosavek is a wholesale supplier of building supplies building contractors, hardware stores, and home-improvement centers in the Boston metropolitan area. Over the years, Posavek has expanded its operations to serve customers across the nation and now employs over 200 people as technical representatives, buyers, warehouse workers, and sales and office staff. Most recently, Posavek has experienced fierce competition from the large online discount stores. In addition, the company is suffering from operational inefficiencies related to its archaic information system. Posavek revenue cycle procedures are described in the following paragraphs. Revenue Cycle Posaveks sales department representatives receive orders via traditional mail, e-mail, telephone, and the occasional walk-in customer. Because Posavek is a wholesaler, the vast majority of its business is conducted on a credit basis. The process begins in the sales department, where the sales clerk enters the customers order into the centralized computer sales order system. The computer and file server are housed in Posaveks small data processing department. If the customer has done business with Posavek in the past, his or her data are already on file. If the customer is a first-time buyer, however, the clerk creates a new record in the customer account file. The system then creates a record of the transaction in the open sales order file. When the order is entered, an electronic copy of it is sent to the customers e-mail address as confirmation. A clerk in the warehouse department periodically reviews the open sales order file from a terminal and prints two copies of a stock release document for each new sale, which he uses to pick the items sold from the shelves. The warehouse clerk sends one copy of the stock release to the sales department and the second copy, along with the goods, to the shipping department. The warehouse clerk then updates the inventory subsidiary file to reflect the items and quantities shipped. Upon receipt of the stock release document, the sales clerk accesses the open sales order file from a terminal, closes the sales order, and files the stock release document in the sales department. The sales order system automatically posts these transactions to the sales, inventory control, and cost-of-goods-sold accounts in the general ledger file. Upon receipt of the goods and the stock release, the shipping department clerk prepares the goods for shipment to the customer. The clerk prepares three copies of the bill of lading. Two of these go with the goods to the carrier and the third, along with the stock release document, is filed in the shipping department. The billing department clerk reviews the closed sales orders from a terminal and prepares two copies of the sales invoice. One copy is mailed to the customer, and the other is filed in the billing department. The clerk then creates a new record in the accounts receivable subsidiary file. The sales order system automatically updates the accounts receivable control account in the general ledger file. CASH RECEIPTS PROCEDURES Mail room clerks open customer cash receipts, reviews the check and remittance advices for completeness, and prepares two copies of a remittance list. One copy is sent with the checks to the cash receipts department. The second copy of the remittance advices are sent to the billing department. When the cash receipts clerk receives the checks and remittance list, he verifies the checks received against those on the remittance list and signs the checks For Deposit Only. Once the checks are endorsed, he records the receipts in the cash receipts journal from his terminal. The clerk then fills out a deposit slip and deposits the checks in the bank. Upon receipt of the remittances, the billing department clerk records the amounts in the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger from the department terminal. The system automatically updates the AR control account in the general ledger Posavek has hired your public accounting firm to review its sales order procedures for internal control compliance and to make recommendations for changes. Required a. Create a data flow diagram of the current system. b. Create a system flowchart of the existing system. c. Analyze the physical internal control weaknesses in the system. d. (Optional) Prepare a system flowchart of a redesigned computer-based system that resolves the control weaknesses that you identified. Explain your solution.arrow_forward
- Maxlon Company manufactures custom-made furniture for its local market and produces a line of home furnishings sold in retail stores across the country. The company uses traditional volume-based methods of assigning direct materials and direct labor to its product lines. Overhead has always been assigned using a plantwide overhead rate based on direct labor hours. In the past few years, management has seen its line of retail products continue to sell at high volumes, but competition has forced it to lower prices on these items. The prices are declining to a level close to its cost of production. Meanwhile, its custom-made furniture is in high demand, and customers have commented on its favorable (lower) prices compared to its competitors. Management is considering dropping its line of retail products and devoting all of its resources to custom-made furniture. Required 1. What reasons could explain why competitors are forcing the company to lower prices on its highvolume retail…arrow_forwardXylon company manufactures custom made furniture for the local market and produces a line of home furnishings sold in retail stores across the country. the company uses traditional volume based methods of assigning direct materials and direct labor to its product line. overhead has always been assigned by using a plant-wide overhead rate based on direct labor hours. In the past few years, management has seen its line of retail products continue to sell at high volumes, but competition has forced it to lower prices on these items. The prices are declining to a level close to its cost of production. Meanwhile, it's custom made furniture is in high demand, and customers have commented on its favorable (lower) prices compared to its competitors. Management is considering dropping its line of retail products and devoting all of its resources to custom made furniture. 1) What reasons could explain why competitors are forcing the company to lower prices on its high-volume retail…arrow_forwardSetting Standards, Ethical Behavior Quincy Farms is a producer of items made from farm products that are distributed to supermarkets. For many years, Quincy's products have had strong regional sales on the basis of brand recognition. However, other companies have been marketing similar products in the area, and price competition has become increasingly important. Doug Gilbert, the company's controller, is planning to implement a standard costing system for Quincy and has gathered considerable information from his coworkers on production and direct materials requirements for Quincy's products. Doug believes that the use of standard costing will allow Quincy to improve cost control and make better operating decisions. Quincy's most popular product is strawberry jam. The jam is produced in 10-gallon batches, and each batch requires five quarts of good strawberries. The fresh strawberries are sorted by hand before entering the production process. Because of imperfections in the…arrow_forward
- Utica Manufacturing (UM) was recently acquired by MegaMachines, Inc. (MM), and organized as a separate division within the company. Most manufacturing plants at MM use an ABC system, but UM has always used a traditional product costing system. Bob Miller, the plant controller at UM, has decided to experiment with ABC and has asked you to help develop a simple ABC system that would help him decide if it was useful. The controller’s staff has identified costs for the first month in the four overhead cost pools along with appropriate cost drivers for each pool. Cost Pools Costs Activity Drivers Incoming inspection $ 154,000 Direct material cost Production 1,430,000 Machine-hours Machine setup 792,000 Setups Shipping 484,000 Units shipped The company manufactures two basic products with model numbers 308 and 510. The following are data for production for the first month as part of MM. Products 308 510 Total direct material…arrow_forwardDengerarrow_forwardChocolate Bars, Inc. (CBI), manufactures creamy deluxe chocolate candy bars. The firm has developed three distinct products: Almond Dream, Krispy Krackle, and Creamy Crunch. CBI is profitable, but management is quite concerned about the profitability of each product and the product costing methods currently employed. In particular, management questions whether the overhead allocation base of direct labor-hours accurately reflects the costs incurred during the production process of each product. In reviewing cost reports with the marketing manager, Steve Hoffman, who is the cost accountant, notices that Creamy Crunch appears exceptionally profitable and that Almond Dream appears to be produced at a loss. This surprises both him and the manager, and after much discussion, they are convinced that the cost accounting system is at fault and that Almond Dream is performing very well at the current market price. Steve decides to hire Jean Sharpe, a management consultant, to study the…arrow_forward
- Chocolate Bars, Inc. (CBI), manufactures creamy deluxe chocolate candy bars. The firm has developed three distinct products: Almond Dream, Krispy Krackle, and Creamy Crunch. CBI is profitable, but management is quite concerned about the profitability of each product and the product costing methods currently employed. In particular, management questions whether the overhead allocation base of direct labor-hours accurately reflects the costs incurred during the production process of each product. In reviewing cost reports with the marketing manager, Steve Hoffman, who is the cost accountant, notices that Creamy Crunch appears exceptionally profitable and that Almond Dream appears to be produced at a loss. This surprises both him and the manager, and after much discussion, they are convinced that the cost accounting system is at fault and that Almond Dream is performing very well at the current market price. Steve decides to hire Jean Sharpe, a management consultant, to study the…arrow_forwardChocolate Bars, Inc. (CBI), manufactures creamy deluxe chocolate candy bars. The firm has developed three distinct products: Almond Dream, Krispy Krackle, and Creamy Crunch. CBI is profitable, but management is quite concerned about the profitability of each product and the product costing methods currently employed. In particular, management questions whether the overhead allocation base of direct labor-hours accurately reflects the costs incurred during the production process of each product. In reviewing cost reports with the marketing manager, Steve Hoffman, who is the cost accountant, notices that Creamy Crunch appears exceptionally profitable and that Almond Dream appears to be produced at a loss. This surprises both him and the manager, and after much discussion, they are convinced that the cost accounting system is at fault and that Almond Dream is performing very well at the current market price. Steve decides to hire Jean Sharpe, a management consultant, to study the…arrow_forwardShady Fabrication Group (SFG) manufactures components for manufacturing equipment at several facilities. The company produces two, related, parts at its Park River Plant, the models SF-08 and SF-48. The differences in the models are the quality of the materials and the precision to which they are produced. The SF-48 model is used in applications where the precision is critical and thus requires greater oversight in the production process. Although sales remain reasonably strong, managers at SFG have noticed that the company is meeting more resistance to the pricing for SF-08, although there seems to be little need for negotiation on the price of the SF-48 model. As a result, the marketing manager at SFG has asked the financial staff to review the costs of the two products to understand better what might be happening in the market. Manufacturing overhead is currently assigned to products based on their direct labor costs. For the most recent month manufacturing overhead was $208,800.…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Ser...AccountingISBN:9781305970663Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. MowenPublisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Busines...AccountingISBN:9781337115773Author:Maryanne M. Mowen, Don R. Hansen, Dan L. HeitgerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Accounting Information SystemsAccountingISBN:9781337619202Author:Hall, James A.Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Ser...
Accounting
ISBN:9781305970663
Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. Mowen
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Busines...
Accounting
ISBN:9781337115773
Author:Maryanne M. Mowen, Don R. Hansen, Dan L. Heitger
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Accounting Information Systems
Accounting
ISBN:9781337619202
Author:Hall, James A.
Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Cost Accounting - Definition, Purpose, Types, How it Works?; Author: WallStreetMojo;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AwrwUf8vYEY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY