Chapter 10, Problem 116A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Concept Introduction: Atomic number of particular atoms is equal to the number of protons or electrons present in an atom.

Answer to Problem 116A

• number of protons = 40
• number of electrons = 40
• number of neutrons = 50

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of zirconium = 40 = number of proton or electrons (known)

  $\begin{array}{l}\begin{array}{c}\text{Mass}\text{number=}\text{number of proton+number of neutrons}\\ \text{90 = number of proton/electrons + number of neutrons}\text{.}\end{array}\hfill \\ \text{Number of neutrons = 90 – 40 = 50}\hfill \end{array}$

Atomic mass of zirconium = 90 (given)

Hence, the number of protons = 40

number of electrons = 40

number of neutrons = 50

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Concept Introduction: Atomic number of particular atoms is equal to the number of protons or electrons present in an atom.

Answer to Problem 116A

• number of protons = 46
• number of electrons = 46
• number of neutrons = 62

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of palladium = 46 = number of proton or electrons (known)

Atomic mass of palladium = 108 (given)

  $\begin{array}{l}\begin{array}{c}\text{Mass}\text{number=}\text{number of proton+number of neutrons}\\ \text{108 = number of proton/electrons + number of neutrons}\text{.}\end{array}\hfill \\ \text{Number of neutrons = 108 – 46 = 62}\hfill \end{array}$

Hence, number of protons = 46

number of electrons = 46

number of neutrons = 62

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Concept Introduction: Atomic number of particular atoms is equal to the number of protons or electrons present in an atom.

Answer to Problem 116A

• number of protons = 35
• number of electrons = 35
• number of neutrons = 46

Explanation of Solution

Atomic number of bromine = 35 = number of proton or electron (known)

Atomic mass of bromine = 81 (given)

  $\begin{array}{l}\begin{array}{c}\text{Mass}\text{number=}\text{number of proton+number of neutrons}\\ \text{81 = number of proton/electrons + number of neutrons}\text{.}\end{array}\hfill \\ \text{Number of neutrons = 81 – 35 = 46}\hfill \end{array}$

Hence, the number of protons = 35

number of electrons = 35

number of neutrons = 46

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Concept Introduction: Atomic number of particular atoms is equal to the number of protons or electrons present in an atom.

Answer to Problem 116A

• number of protons = 51
• number of electrons = 51
• number of neutrons = 72

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of antimony = 51 = number of proton or electrons (known)

Atomic mass of antimony = 123 (given)

  $\begin{array}{l}\begin{array}{c}\text{Mass}\text{number=}\text{number of proton+number of neutrons}\\ \text{123 = number of proton/electrons + number of neutrons}\text{.}\end{array}\hfill \\ \begin{array}{c}\text{Number of neutrons = 123 – 51 }\\ \text{= 72}\end{array}\hfill \end{array}$

Hence, the number of protons = 51

number of electrons = 51

number of neutrons = 72