Connect 1-Semester Online Access for Principles of General, Organic & Biochemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780077633707
Author: Janice Smith
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Higher Education (us)
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Chapter 10, Problem 10.89AP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The purpose of using different types of gasoline for different temperature has to be explained.
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Gasohol is a mixture of 90% gasoline and 10% ethanol, CH 3CH 2OH. Ethanol is considered an environmentally friendly fuel additive because it can be made from a renewable source—sugarcane. Ethanol burns in air to form CO 2 and H 2O, and, like the combustion of alkanes, this reaction also releases a great deal of energy. Write a balanced equation for the combustion of ethanol.
explain structural isomerism in aliphatic alkanes and geometric isomerism in alkenes.
Describe structural isomerism and the different types that exist. With the aid of diagrams use the molecular formulae C5H12 and C5H10 to explain structural isomerism in aliphatic alkanes and alkenes.
Describe geometric isomerism. With the aid of diagrams use the molecular formula C5H10 to explain geometric isomerism in alkenes.
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It has a higher melting point than decane.
It can hydrogen bond with water.
It is a saturated hydrocarbon.
It has the following structural formula: CsH12. True
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False
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It can exist as 3 structural isomers.
True
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It can undergo combustion reaction.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Connect 1-Semester Online Access for Principles of General, Organic & Biochemistry
Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 10.1PCh. 10.2 - Fill in all Hs and lone pairs in each compound. a....Ch. 10.3 - Convert each compound to a condensed formula.Ch. 10.3 - Convert each condensed formula to a complete...Ch. 10.3 - Convert each skeletal structure to a complete...Ch. 10.3 - How many Hs are bonded to each indicated carbon...Ch. 10.4 - Identify the functional groups in each compound....Ch. 10.4 - For each compound: [1] Identify the functional...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 10.9PCh. 10.4 - Prob. 10.10P
Ch. 10.4 - Convert the ball-and-stick model of the local...Ch. 10.5 - How many hydrogen atoms are present in each...Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 10.13PCh. 10.5 - Prob. 10.14PCh. 10.5 - Prob. 10.15PCh. 10.5 - Prob. 10.16PCh. 10.6 - Give the IUPAC name for each compound.Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 10.18PCh. 10.6 - Prob. 10.19PCh. 10.6 - Prob. 10.20PCh. 10.7 - Prob. 10.21PCh. 10.7 - Prob. 10.22PCh. 10.9 - Answer the following questions about pentane...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 10.24PCh. 10.9 - Prob. 10.25PCh. 10.10 - Prob. 10.26PCh. 10 - Prob. 10.27UKCCh. 10 - Prob. 10.28UKCCh. 10 - Prob. 10.29UKCCh. 10 - Prob. 10.30UKCCh. 10 - Prob. 10.31UKCCh. 10 - The largest known cycloalkane with a single ring...Ch. 10 - Draw three constitutional isomers having molecular...Ch. 10 - Draw four constitutional isomers having molecular...Ch. 10 - Answer the following questions about the alkane...Ch. 10 - Answer the questions in Problem 10.35 for the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.37UKCCh. 10 - Procaine (trade name Novocain) is a local...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.39APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.40APCh. 10 - Complete each structure by filling in all Hs and...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.42APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.43APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.44APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.45APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.46APCh. 10 - Convert each compound to a condensed structure.Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.48APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.49APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.50APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.51APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.52APCh. 10 - Albuterol (trade names: Proventil and Ventolin) is...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.54APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.55APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.56APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.57APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.58APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.59APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.60APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.61APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.62APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.63APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.64APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.65APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.66APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.67APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.68APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.69APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.70APCh. 10 - Give the IUPAC name for each compound.Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.72APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.73APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.74APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.75APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.76APCh. 10 - Give the structure corresponding to each IUPAC...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.78APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.79APCh. 10 - Each of the following IUPAC names is incorrect....Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.81APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.82APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.83APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.84APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.85APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.86APCh. 10 - Write a balanced equation for the incomplete...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.88APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.89APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.90APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.91APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.92APCh. 10 - Answer the following questions for the cycloalkane...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.94APCh. 10 - Prob. 10.95CPCh. 10 - Prob. 10.96CP
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- As stated in Section 11-9, the wax found in apple skins is an unbranched alkane with the molecular formula C^H^. Explain how the presence of this alkane in apple skins prevents the loss of moisture from within the apple.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference in bonding and in general molecular formula between an alkene and a cycloalkane with the same number of carbon atoms?arrow_forwardHow does the structure of a cycloalkane differ from that of a straight-chain or branched-chain alkane?arrow_forward
- Distinguish between isomerism and resonance. Distinguish between structural and geometric isomerism. When writing the various structural isomers, the most difficult task is identifying which are different isomers and which are identical to a previously written structurethat is, which are compounds that differ only by the rotation of a carbon single bond. How do you distinguish between structural isomers and those that are identical? Alkenes and cycloalkanes are structural isomers of each other. Give an example of each using C4H8. Another common feature of alkenes and cycloalkanes is that both have restricted rotation about one or more bonds in the compound, so both can exhibit cis- trans isomerism. What is required for an alkene or cycloalkane to exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain the difference between cis and trans isomers. Alcohols and ethers are structural isomers of each other, as are aldehydes and ketones. Give an example of each to illustrate. Which functional group in Table 21-4 can be structural isomers of carboxylic acids? What is optical isomerism? What do you look for to determine whether an organic compound exhibits optical isomerism? 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane is optically active whereas 1-bromo-2-chloroethane is not optically active. Explain.arrow_forwardHalogenoalkanes undergo two different types of reaction, substitution and elimination reactions depending on the conditions. Use the reaction between 2-bromopropane and sodium hydroxide to explain the chemical reactions of haloalkanes. You must include the following in your explanation: Describe what change is taking place to the halogenoalkane and the product(s) formed. The reaction equations The conditions under which the reactions occur.arrow_forwardConsider the following reactions: When C5H12 is reacted with Cl2(g) in the presence of ultraviolet light, four different monochlorination products form. What is the structure of C5H12 in this reaction? When C4H8 is reacted with H2O, a tertiary alcohol is produced as the major product. What is the structure of C4H8 in this reaction? When C7H12 is reacted with HCl, 1-chloro-1-methylcyclohexane is produced as the major product. What are the two possible structures for C7H12 in this reaction? When a hydrocarbon is reacted with water and the major product of this reaction is then oxidized, acetone (2-propanone) is produced. What is the structure of the hydrocarbon in this reaction? When C5H12O is oxidized, a carboxylic acid is produced. What are the possible structures for C5H12O in this reaction?arrow_forward
- For a simple distillation, explain: a) what is the observed effect that chain length has on their boiling points? Explain why this trend is observed. b) compare the boiling points of the branched alkanes to that of hexane. what is the observed effect of branching on boiling points? explain why this trend is observedarrow_forwardPetrol is a complex mix of light hydrocarbons. Petrol with octane number 95 contains 95% 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. This compound can be obtained by breaking up a large hydrocarbon molecule such as dodecane, C12H26 using a catalyst such as zeolite. a) name the process where a large hydrocarbon molecule is broken into smaller molecules b) write an equation for the breaking up of dodecane into 2,2,4-trimethylpentane if another branched hydrocarbon compound is formed at the same time. c) what is the other hydrocarbon obtained ? d) draw the structural formula of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane.arrow_forwardHalogenoalkanes undergo two different types of reaction, substitution and elimination reactions depending on the conditions. Use the reaction between 2-bromopropane and sodium hydroxide to explain the chemical reactions of haloalkanes. You must include the following in your explanation: Describe what change is taking place to the halogenoalkane and the product(s) formed. The reaction equations The conditions under which the reactions occur. please provide a written explain as wellarrow_forward
- As you can see from Table 11.4, each CH2 group added to the carbon chain of an alkane increases its boiling point. This increase is greater going from CH4 to C2H6 and from C2H6 to C3H8 than it is going from C8H18 to C9H20 or from C9H20 to C10H22. What do you think is the reason for this differencearrow_forwardExplain the boiling point of alkanes when going from methane to decane. Predict the boiling point of alcohol as compared to alkanes.arrow_forwardWrite the structure of the compound that will be produced in the following reaction? CH3 –C ≡ C–CH2– CH2 – CH3 + 2HBr→ a) Other than the combustion of alkanes, why are alkanes not reactive, or when they do react, they do so very slowly? B) What chemical reaction can alkenes and alkynes undergo that alkanes cannot? Explainarrow_forward
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