Pushing Electrons
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781133951889
Author: Weeks, Daniel P.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 1, Problem 68EQ
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
When a Br2 molecule undergoes homolytic cleavage, the resultant radicals are to be mentioned
Concept Introduction:
Covalent bonds can suffer homolytic (symmetrical) bond breaking. During homolytic
cleavage, the electrons of a covalent bond become unpaired and one electron goes
with each fragment. Radicals, rather than ions, are formed. Radicals usually have a
formal charge of zero.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Combustion requires three primary components: fuel, energy, and an oxidizer. The fuel is the organic starting material and once the activation energy is achieved, large amounts of energy are rapidly released fragmenting reactants into individual atoms. The components quickly rearrange into smaller and more stable molecules. Oxygen serves as an oxidizer, due to its electronegativity, accepting electrons and forming products including water and carbon dioxide.
Nitroguanidine (CH4N4O2) is used in select fertilizers and more commonly as a component to propel munitions. Suppose a field artillery soldier was calculating how much nitroguanidine was needed to propel a round. The soldier would need to consider the desired volume of gas to displace along the gun tube and the ambient operating conditions.
a. Predict the reaction products for the detonation of 1 mole of nitroguanidine.
b. Calculate the amount of explosive needed (in pounds) to produce 1500.0 liters of gas at standard temperature…
Hydrogen cyanide can be catalytically reduced with hydro-gen to form methylamine. Use Lewis structures and bond ener-gies to determine ΔH°ᵣₓₙ for HCN(g)+2H₂(g)→CH₃NH₂(g)
1A1: Integrate existing knowledge of ionic/covalent bonding, lone pairs, formal charge, valence, and Lewis structures to generate
chemically-correct organic building blocks.
Examine the given line-angle structure and redraw it, correcting all errors of structure (bonding, lone pairs, formal charge, valence, and the
octet rule).
14
H3C.
CI-
H3C
CH3
O
H3C
B-CH3
N-CH3
CH3
Chapter 1 Solutions
Pushing Electrons
Ch. 1 - 1. Hydrogen is a Group I element and each...Ch. 1 - Methanol has the molecular formula CH4O. Its...Ch. 1 - 3. The skeleton of chloromethane is...Ch. 1 - 4. Methanol’s skeleton is
Connecting all bonded...Ch. 1 - 5. The structure for chloromethane is
It...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6EQCh. 1 - 7. Dimethyl ether
No. of electrons in...Ch. 1 - Methylamine (CH5N) No. of electrons in structure...Ch. 1 - Methanethiol (CH4S) No. of electrons in structure...Ch. 1 - Methylal (C3H8O2) No. of electrons in structure...
Ch. 1 - Prob. 11EQCh. 1 - Adding electrons to the skeleton by making single...Ch. 1 - This is done by removing an unshared pair from...Ch. 1 - Prob. 14EQCh. 1 - Prob. 15EQCh. 1 - Prob. 16EQCh. 1 - The skeleton of acetyl chloride is . Write the...Ch. 1 - Three constitutional isomers exist for the formula...Ch. 1 - A number of constitutional isomers exist for the...Ch. 1 - Using the method outlined above, derive the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 21EQCh. 1 - Prob. 22EQCh. 1 - Prob. 23EQCh. 1 - Prob. 24EQCh. 1 - The skeleton of benzyldimethylamine is
The...Ch. 1 - The skeleton is benzaldoxime is The number of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 27EQCh. 1 - Derive Lewis structures for the compounds below....Ch. 1 - Prob. 29EQCh. 1 - Derive Lewis structures for the compounds below....Ch. 1 - Prob. 31EQCh. 1 - Derive Lewis structures for the compounds below....Ch. 1 - The Lewis structure of acetone is Circling the...Ch. 1 - Chloromethane has the Lewis...Ch. 1 - In the Lewis structure for chloromethane, the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 36EQCh. 1 - The oxygen atom in acetone possesses ____ unshared...Ch. 1 - Nitrobenzene has the skeleton
The number of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 39EQCh. 1 - Compute and add on the formal charges I these...Ch. 1 - Prob. 41EQCh. 1 - Prob. 42EQCh. 1 - Prob. 43EQCh. 1 - Prob. 44EQCh. 1 - Prob. 45EQCh. 1 - Prob. 46EQCh. 1 - Prob. 47EQCh. 1 - Compute and add on the formal charges in these...Ch. 1 - Prob. 49EQCh. 1 - Prob. 50EQCh. 1 - The n-propyl cation can be formed from a molecule...Ch. 1 - Prob. 52EQCh. 1 - Prob. 53EQCh. 1 - Methanol, CH3OH, is a compound in which the formal...Ch. 1 - When a proton becomes bonded to diethyl ether, by...Ch. 1 - Tetrahydrofuran has the structure
When a proton...Ch. 1 - Prob. 57EQCh. 1 - Prob. 58EQCh. 1 - The structure of pyridine is
When a proton...Ch. 1 - The carbon atom owns one electron from each of ...Ch. 1 - The n-butyl anion can be formed from When the CLi...Ch. 1 - The isobutyl anion can be formed from When the CNa...Ch. 1 - Prob. 63EQCh. 1 - Ethanol, , is a compound in which the formal...Ch. 1 - The loss of a proton attached to the oxygen atom...Ch. 1 - A very strong base can remove a proton from...Ch. 1 - Prob. 67EQCh. 1 - Prob. 68EQCh. 1 - Prob. 69EQCh. 1 - The homolysis of the OO bond in diacetyl peroxide...Ch. 1 - Prob. 71EQCh. 1 - Prob. 72EQCh. 1 - Prob. 73EQCh. 1 - Prob. 74EQCh. 1 - Prob. 75EQCh. 1 - Heterolytic cleavage of the CO bond to yield a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 77EQCh. 1 - Prob. 78EQCh. 1 - Prob. 79EQCh. 1 - Prob. 80EQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 5. Acetone and 2-propanol are chemically interconvertible. Reduction (by the addition of the equivalent of H2) of acetone yields 2-propanol. Conversely, oxidation (by the removal of the equivalent of H2) of 2-propanol yields acetone. Is the evaporation data for these substances the same or different? If different, can you account for why this may be the case from a comparison of the Lewis structures of each substance and the IMFs present in each substance? Explain.arrow_forward3. Sketch out a Born-Haber cycles for the formation of (a) YCl3 and (b) SrCl3. Explain why one of these is not a stable compound, based on the relative energies of the steps involved in the Born-Haber cycle. No actual numbers are necessary to answer this question but can be included if you want.arrow_forwardIs violet light (with a wavelength of 400 nm) sufficiently energetic to break a carbon-carbon single bond (the average C-C bond energy is 346 kJ/mol)?arrow_forward
- What is the Born-Haber process and how is it important to the world’s economyarrow_forwardBalanced chemical equation for the combustion of ethanol as a reference. C₂H5OH (1)+30₂ (g) → 2 CO₂ (g) + 3 H₂O(g) C-H=410 kJ/mol Selected Bond Energies O-H=463 kJ/mol How much energy is required to break the bonds in ethanol? Show your work. C-O=358 kl/mol C-C= 348 kJ/mol H-Carrow_forwardWhat are the hybridized bonds and bond type of the molecules in this reaction? propan-1-ol → propene + water C₃H₈O (l) → C3H6 (g) + H2O (l)arrow_forward
- The average bond energy (enthalpy) for a C=CC=C double bond is 614 kJ/molkJ/mol and that of a C−CC−C single bond is 348 kJ/molkJ/mol. Estimate the energy needed to break only the ππ bond of the double bond of 2-butene. Express your answer numerically in joules per molecule.arrow_forwardNucleotides are molecules that make up the structures of RNA and DNA. Modify the compounds to create adenosine monophosphate (AMP).arrow_forward3. What monomer or monomers are needed to form the following polymer 4. Rank the following radicals in order of stability (4=least stable, 1= most stable) d 5. Rank the following C-H bonds in order of increasing bond strength (if any are the same state which ones) (1= weakest, 3= strongest) xol H Harrow_forward
- Can you show the reaction mechanism step-by-step for C₃H₈O (l) → C3H6 (g) + H2O (l) propan-1-ol → propene + water Please show the electron movement and the way in which the bonds break. Can you please also show how many bonds there are and what type they are (eg. Sigma, Pi)? Thanks.arrow_forward= O PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Identifying rigid parts of an acyclic organic molecule In the actual molecule of which this is a Lewis structure, which of the labeled distances can change? marked 10 H O H B G1C F H A N E unmarked C O H List all the distances that can change. For example, suppose all the distances were measured at a certain time, and again 0.1s later. If distance A might be 50% bigger or smaller the second time, but all the other distances are certain to be the same, you should write "A". If A and B might be different the second time, but no other distances, you would write "A, B". And so on. Note for advanced students: you can assume the molecule is dissolved in an appropriate solvent at room temperature. 00.... X 90/5 You can click the "unmarked" tab to see the molecule without any of the distances marked. 5 Jaarrow_forwarddetermine the productarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning