Pushing Electrons
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781133951889
Author: Weeks, Daniel P.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1, Problem 55EQ
When a proton becomes bonded to diethyl ether,
In this structure the oxygen atom owns one electron from each of ____ shared pairs and two electrons from ____ unshared pair. The total number of electrons that belong to oxygen is ____. The formal charge on oxygen is ____. The correct Lewis structure for the conjugate acid of diethyl ether is
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The carbonate anion, CO32- , is a resonance hybrid. Draw all of the important resonance structures for this molecule. If an atom has a nonzero formal charge, be sure the formal charge is shown clearly in the structure. Use the resonance structures to calculate the average formal charge on each O atom (which are all equivalent in the "true" structure). [Note: all of the important contributing resonance structures have octets around each atom that desires an octet.]
What possible error(s) exist in the Lewis structure (assume we are trying to represent the best
possible Lewis structure for the NO₂S ion knowing N is the central atom in this polyatomic ion)?
[:ö==S:
N=
CO
:O:
The best structure would have double bond and two lone pairs on each oxygen atom and a single bond with
three lone pairs on the sulfur.
There are no errors. This is the best possible structure.
The Lewis structure above does not minimize formal charges, thus is the not the best possible structure.
The nitrogen atom has an expanded octet, and this structure is impossible.
The Lewis structure contains the wrong number of electrons, thus this structure is impossible.
An incomplete Lewis structure is shown below. The structure only shows the atoms and how they are connected. The molecule has a net charge of zero.
H
Н—N—С-
-о—с—Н
H
H
Complete the Lewis structure giving all atoms full octets. If there is more than one way to do this, draw resonance structures showing all possibilities. If not,
just draw one Lewis structure. Be sure to write in any non-zero formal charges.
Click and drag to start drawing a structure.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Pushing Electrons
Ch. 1 - 1. Hydrogen is a Group I element and each...Ch. 1 - Methanol has the molecular formula CH4O. Its...Ch. 1 - 3. The skeleton of chloromethane is...Ch. 1 - 4. Methanol’s skeleton is
Connecting all bonded...Ch. 1 - 5. The structure for chloromethane is
It...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6EQCh. 1 - 7. Dimethyl ether
No. of electrons in...Ch. 1 - Methylamine (CH5N) No. of electrons in structure...Ch. 1 - Methanethiol (CH4S) No. of electrons in structure...Ch. 1 - Methylal (C3H8O2) No. of electrons in structure...
Ch. 1 - Prob. 11EQCh. 1 - Adding electrons to the skeleton by making single...Ch. 1 - This is done by removing an unshared pair from...Ch. 1 - Prob. 14EQCh. 1 - Prob. 15EQCh. 1 - Prob. 16EQCh. 1 - The skeleton of acetyl chloride is . Write the...Ch. 1 - Three constitutional isomers exist for the formula...Ch. 1 - A number of constitutional isomers exist for the...Ch. 1 - Using the method outlined above, derive the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 21EQCh. 1 - Prob. 22EQCh. 1 - Prob. 23EQCh. 1 - Prob. 24EQCh. 1 - The skeleton of benzyldimethylamine is
The...Ch. 1 - The skeleton is benzaldoxime is The number of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 27EQCh. 1 - Derive Lewis structures for the compounds below....Ch. 1 - Prob. 29EQCh. 1 - Derive Lewis structures for the compounds below....Ch. 1 - Prob. 31EQCh. 1 - Derive Lewis structures for the compounds below....Ch. 1 - The Lewis structure of acetone is Circling the...Ch. 1 - Chloromethane has the Lewis...Ch. 1 - In the Lewis structure for chloromethane, the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 36EQCh. 1 - The oxygen atom in acetone possesses ____ unshared...Ch. 1 - Nitrobenzene has the skeleton
The number of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 39EQCh. 1 - Compute and add on the formal charges I these...Ch. 1 - Prob. 41EQCh. 1 - Prob. 42EQCh. 1 - Prob. 43EQCh. 1 - Prob. 44EQCh. 1 - Prob. 45EQCh. 1 - Prob. 46EQCh. 1 - Prob. 47EQCh. 1 - Compute and add on the formal charges in these...Ch. 1 - Prob. 49EQCh. 1 - Prob. 50EQCh. 1 - The n-propyl cation can be formed from a molecule...Ch. 1 - Prob. 52EQCh. 1 - Prob. 53EQCh. 1 - Methanol, CH3OH, is a compound in which the formal...Ch. 1 - When a proton becomes bonded to diethyl ether, by...Ch. 1 - Tetrahydrofuran has the structure
When a proton...Ch. 1 - Prob. 57EQCh. 1 - Prob. 58EQCh. 1 - The structure of pyridine is
When a proton...Ch. 1 - The carbon atom owns one electron from each of ...Ch. 1 - The n-butyl anion can be formed from When the CLi...Ch. 1 - The isobutyl anion can be formed from When the CNa...Ch. 1 - Prob. 63EQCh. 1 - Ethanol, , is a compound in which the formal...Ch. 1 - The loss of a proton attached to the oxygen atom...Ch. 1 - A very strong base can remove a proton from...Ch. 1 - Prob. 67EQCh. 1 - Prob. 68EQCh. 1 - Prob. 69EQCh. 1 - The homolysis of the OO bond in diacetyl peroxide...Ch. 1 - Prob. 71EQCh. 1 - Prob. 72EQCh. 1 - Prob. 73EQCh. 1 - Prob. 74EQCh. 1 - Prob. 75EQCh. 1 - Heterolytic cleavage of the CO bond to yield a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 77EQCh. 1 - Prob. 78EQCh. 1 - Prob. 79EQCh. 1 - Prob. 80EQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Write all resonance structures of chlorobenzene, C6H5Cl, a molecule with the same cyclic structure as benzene. In all structures, keep the CCl bond as a single bond. Which resonance structures are the most important?arrow_forwardThe n-propyl cation can be formed from a molecule such as When the C–Cl bond is broken so that both electrons leave with Cl, the fragments formed are The carbon atom that had been attached to Cl is now sharing ____ electron pairs. In each shared pair the carbon atom owns ____ electron. The number of electrons that belong to carbon is ____. The formal charge on the carbon atom is ____. The correct Lewis structure for the n-propyl cation isarrow_forwardSuccessive substitution of F atoms for H atoms in the molecule NH3 produces the molecules NH2F, NHF2, and NF3. a. Draw Lewis structures for each of the four molecules. b. Using VSEPR theory, predict the geometry of each of the four molecules. c. Specify the polarity (polar or nonpolar) for each of the four molecules.arrow_forward
- Formamide, HC(O)NH2, is prepared at high pressures from carbon monoxide and ammonia, and serves as an industrial solvent (the parentheses around the O indicate that it is bonded only to the carbon atom and that the carbon atom is also bonded to the H and the N atoms). Two resonance forms (one with formal charges) can be written for formamide. Write both resonance structures, and predict the bond angles about the carbon and nitrogen atoms for each resonance form. Are they the same? Describe how the experimental determination of the HNH bond angle could be used to indicate which resonance form is more important.arrow_forwardWrite Lewis structures for these ions. Show all valence electrons and all formal charges. (a) Amide ion, NH2 (b) Bicarbonate ion, HCO3 (c) Carbonate ion, CO32 (d) Nitrate ion, NO3 (e) Formate ion, HCOO (f) Acetate ion, CH3COOarrow_forwardHow many electron dots should appear in the Lewis structures for each of the following polyatomic ions? a. ClO b. ClO2 c. S22 d. NH4+arrow_forward
- Draw Lewis structures for the following species. (The skeleton is indicated by the way the molecule is written.) (a) Cl2CO (b) H3C—CN (c) H2C—CH2arrow_forwardTwo different molecules have the formula C2H6O. One of the molecules has the oxygen atom bonded to both carbon atoms. The other molecule has the oxygen atom bonded to only one carbon atom while both carbon atoms are bonded to each other. Write Lewis structures for both of these compounds.arrow_forwardDraw Lewis structures for the following species. (The skeleton is indicated by the way the molecule is written.) (a) Cl2CO (b) H3CCNarrow_forward
- A common trait of simple organic compounds is to have Lewis structures where all atoms have a formal charge of zero. Consider the following incomplete Lewis structure for an organic compound called methyl cyanoacrylate, the main ingredient in Super Glue. Draw a complete Lewis structure for methyl cyanoacrylate in which all atoms have a formal charge of zero.arrow_forwardBond Enthalpy When atoms of the hypothetical element X are placed together, they rapidly undergo reaction to form the X2 molecule: X(g)+X(g)X2(g) a Would you predict that this reaction is exothermic or endothermic? Explain. b Is the bond enthalpy of X2 a positive or a negative quantity? Why? c Suppose H for the reaction is 500 kJ/mol. Estimate the bond enthalpy of the X2 molecule. d Another hypothetical molecular compound, Y2(g), has a bond enthalpy of 750 kJ/mol, and the molecular compound XY(g) has a bond enthalpy of 1500 kJ/mol. Using bond enthalpy information, calculate H for the following reaction. X2(g)+Y2(g)2XY(g) e Given the following information, as well as the information previously presented, predict whether or not the hypothetical ionic compound AX is likely to form. In this compound, A forms the A+ cation, and X forms the X anion. Be sure to justify your answer. Reaction: A(g)+12X2(g)AX(s)The first ionization energy of A(g) is 400 kJ/mol. The electron affinity of X(g) is 525 kJ/mol. The lattice energy of AX(s) is 100 kJ/mol. f If you predicted that no ionic compound would form from the reaction in Part e, what minimum amount of AX(s) lattice energy might lead to compound formation?arrow_forwardFor each of the following, use formal charges to choose the Lewis formula that gives the best description of the electron distribution: a ClO2F b SO2 c ClO3arrow_forward
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