Chemistry: Atoms First
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780073511184
Author: Julia Burdge, Jason Overby Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 1.5QP
Classify each of the following statements as a hypothesis, law, or theory. (a) The force acting on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration. (b) The universe as we know it started with a big bang. (c) There are many civilizations more advanced than ours on other planets.
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There is an instrument in Johnson 334 that measures total-reflectance x-ray fluorescence (TXRF) to do elemental analysis (i.e., determine what elements are present in a sample). A researcher is preparing a to measure calcium content in a series of well water samples by TXRF with an internal standard of vanadium (atomic symbol: V). She has prepared a series of standard solutions to ensure a linear instrument response over the expected Ca concentration range of 40-80 ppm. The concentrations of Ca and V (ppm) and the instrument response (peak area, arbitrary units) are shown below. Also included is a sample spectrum. Equation 1 describes the response factor, K, relating the analyte signal (SA) and the standard signal (SIS) to their respective concentrations (CA and CIS).
Ca, ppm
V, ppm
SCa, arb. units
SV, arb. units
20.0
10.0
14375.11
14261.02
40.0
10.0
36182.15
17997.10
60.0
10.0
39275.74
12988.01
80.0
10.0
57530.75
14268.54
100.0…
A mixture of 0.568 M H₂O, 0.438 M Cl₂O, and 0.710 M HClO are enclosed in a vessel at 25 °C.
H₂O(g) + C₁₂O(g) = 2 HOCl(g)
K = 0.0900 at 25°C
с
Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of each gas at 25 °C.
[H₂O]=
[C₁₂O]=
[HOCI]=
M
Σ
M
What units (if any) does the response factor (K) have? Does the response factor (K) depend upon how the concentration is expressed (e.g. molarity, ppm, ppb, etc.)?
Chapter 1 Solutions
Chemistry: Atoms First
Ch. 1.4 - illustrates conversions between these two...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 1PPACh. 1.4 - According to the website of the National...Ch. 1.4 - If a single degree on the Celsius scale is...Ch. 1.4 - A body temperature above 39C constitutes a high...Ch. 1.4 - The average temperature at the summit of Mt....Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 2PPBCh. 1.4 - If a single degree on the Fahrenheit scale is...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 1.3WECh. 1.4 - Given that 20.0 mL of mercury has a mass of 272 g....
Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 3PPBCh. 1.4 - Using the picture of the graduated cylinder and...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 1.4.1SRCh. 1.4 - Prob. 1.4.2SRCh. 1.4 - Prob. 1.4.3SRCh. 1.4 - Prob. 1.4.4SRCh. 1.5 - Determine the number of significant figures in the...Ch. 1.5 - Determine the number of significant figures in the...Ch. 1.5 - Using scientific notation, express the number one...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 4PPCCh. 1.5 - Perform the following arithmetic operations and...Ch. 1.5 - Perform the following arithmetic operations, and...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 5PPBCh. 1.5 - Prob. 5PPCCh. 1.5 - Prob. 1.6WECh. 1.5 - Prob. 6PPACh. 1.5 - Prob. 6PPBCh. 1.5 - Several pieces of aluminum metal with a total mass...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 1.5.1SRCh. 1.5 - Prob. 1.5.2SRCh. 1.5 - Prob. 1.5.3SRCh. 1.5 - Prob. 1.5.4SRCh. 1.5 - Prob. 1.5.5SRCh. 1.5 - Prob. 1.5.6SRCh. 1.6 - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends...Ch. 1.6 - The American Heart Association recommends that...Ch. 1.6 - A gold nugget has a mass of 0.9347 oz. What is its...Ch. 1.6 - The diagram contains several objects that are...Ch. 1.6 - Prob. 1.8WECh. 1.6 - Prob. 8PPACh. 1.6 - The density of mercury is 13.6 g/cm3. What is its...Ch. 1.6 - Each diagram [(i) or (ii)] shows the objects...Ch. 1.6 - Prob. 1.6.1SRCh. 1.6 - Prob. 1.6.2SRCh. 1.6 - Prob. 1.6.3SRCh. 1.6 - Prob. 1.6.4SRCh. 1 - Prob. 1.1QPCh. 1 - Explain what is meant by the scientific method.Ch. 1 - What is the difference between a hypothesis and a...Ch. 1 - Classily each of the following statements as a...Ch. 1 - Classify each of the following statements as a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.6QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.7QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.8QPCh. 1 - Classify each of the following as a pure...Ch. 1 - What is the difference between a qualitative...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.11QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.12QPCh. 1 - Determine which of the following properties are...Ch. 1 - Determine whether the following statements...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.15QPCh. 1 - Determine whether each of the following describes...Ch. 1 - Determine whether each of the following describes...Ch. 1 - Name the SI base units that are important in...Ch. 1 - Write the numbers represented by the following...Ch. 1 - What units do chemists normally use for the...Ch. 1 - What is the difference between mass and weight? If...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.22QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.23QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.24QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.25QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.26QPCh. 1 - The density of water at 40C is 0.992 g/mL. What is...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.28QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.29QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.30QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.31QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.32QPCh. 1 - Indicate which of the following numbers is an...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.34QPCh. 1 - Distinguish between the terms accuracy and...Ch. 1 - Express the following numbers in scientific...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.37QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.38QPCh. 1 - Express the answers to the following calculations...Ch. 1 - Determine the number of significant figures in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.41QPCh. 1 - Carry out the following operations as if they were...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.43QPCh. 1 - Three students (A, B, and C) are asked to...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.45QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.46QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.47QPCh. 1 - The density of the metal bar shown is 8.16 g/cm3....Ch. 1 - The following shows an experiment used to...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.50QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.51QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.52QPCh. 1 - Carry out the following conversions: (a) 1.1 1022...Ch. 1 - The average speed of helium at 25C is 1255 m/s....Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.55QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.56QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.57QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.58QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.59QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.60QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.61QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.62QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.63QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.64QPCh. 1 - The density of ammonia gas under certain...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.66QPCh. 1 - ADDITIONAL PROBLEMS 1.67 Using the appropriate...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.68QPCh. 1 - Winch of the following statements describe...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.70QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.71QPCh. 1 - In determining the density of a rectangular metal...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.73QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.74QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.75QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.76QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.77QPCh. 1 - The experiment described in Problem 1.77 is a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.79QPCh. 1 - Lithium has a very low density (density = 0.53...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.81QPCh. 1 - Vanillin (used to flavor vanilla ice cream and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.83QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.84QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.85QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.86QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.87QPCh. 1 - Magnesium is used in alloys, in batteries, and in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.89QPCh. 1 - The surface area and average depth of the Pacific...Ch. 1 - Calculate the percent error for the following...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.92QPCh. 1 - Chalcopyrite contains 34.63 percent copper by...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.94QPCh. 1 - One gallon of gasoline in an automobile's engine...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.96QPCh. 1 - The worlds total petroleum reserve is estimated at...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.98QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.99QPCh. 1 - Chlorine is used to disinfect swimming pools. 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