Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome is an immunodeficiency disease due to mutations in the gene encoding WASp. Individuals with this disease make poor antibody responses to protein antigens, due to impaired T cell help for B cells. WASp-deficient T cells are likely impaired in providing adequate help to B cells due to: A. Defects in up-regulating expression of genes encoding cytokines required by B cells B. Defects in up-regulating metabolic pathways for T cell macromolecular synthesis C. Defects in up-regulating expression of genes needed for T cell survival D. Defects in cytoskeletal reorganization needed for directed T cell cytokine secretion

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Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.