When an injury occurs to the skin, the epithelial cells near the wound are signaled to react (by proliferating, migrating, and/or differentiating) to restore the skin in the wound. To investigate the healing process, researchers removed a small area of epithelial cells from the skin of mice, causing a wound. The researchers monitored the acetylation status of histone H4 at lysines K5, K8, and K16 on days 1, 4 and 9 after the wound was made. Cells in three regions were studied (see Figure A below): Normal epithelial cells not directly near the wound Epithelial cells adjacent to the wound The cells repopulating/repairing the wound (referred to as an “epithelial tongue” early in the process and “closed wound” later in the process) The percent of cells that were positive for H4 acetylation was recorded. The bar graph in Figure B below shows data for Days 4 and 9 for cells examined in the wound. While this experiment focused on mice, we may be able to apply the results to humans, as the wound healing process in both species is similar. However, we know that genes and gene regulation for the same processes can be different in two different species due to evolutionary changes from when the two species last shared a common ancestor. Choose two of the concepts listed below, and explain what you would expect to find if you compared genes/gene regulation for wound healing in mice and humans. Mutations Histone modifications Synteny Gene structure Response to extracellular signals Chromatin compaction

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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When an injury occurs to the skin, the epithelial cells near the wound are signaled to react (by proliferating, migrating, and/or differentiating) to restore the skin in the wound. To investigate the healing process, researchers removed a small area of epithelial cells from the skin of mice, causing a wound. The researchers monitored the acetylation status of histone H4 at lysines K5, K8, and K16 on days 1, 4 and 9 after the wound was made. Cells in three regions were studied (see Figure A below):

Normal epithelial cells not directly near the wound
Epithelial cells adjacent to the wound
The cells repopulating/repairing the wound (referred to as an “epithelial tongue” early in the process and “closed wound” later in the process)

The percent of cells that were positive for H4 acetylation was recorded. The bar graph in Figure B below shows data for Days 4 and 9 for cells examined in the wound.

While this experiment focused on mice, we may be able to apply the results to humans, as the wound healing process in both species is similar. However, we know that genes and gene regulation for the same processes can be different in two different species due to evolutionary changes from when the two species last shared a common ancestor. Choose two of the concepts listed below, and explain what you would expect to find if you compared genes/gene regulation for wound healing in mice and humans.

Mutations
Histone modifications
Synteny
Gene structure
Response to extracellular signals
Chromatin compaction

Normal
cells
Wound
Epithelial tongue
Closed
wound
Adjacent
cells
D
% of cells positive
for acetylation
ģ
10
Day
49
H4K5
4 9
H4K8
4 9
H4K16

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