What is the likelihood of a randomly selected individual from a given population having a genetic predisposition to a particular disease, given the prevalence of the disease in the population and the known heritability of the condition, and how can this information be used to inform personalized medicine and public health interventions?
Q: what would the null hypothesis be if you wanted to test whether a trait segregates in a 9:3:3:1…
A: HypothesisNull Hypothesis (H0) = The data follows the phenotypic ratio (i.e. 9:3:3:1)Alternative…
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A: Introduction:Association and causation:Association:Consider two variables, say, X and Y. These will…
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Q: Annie is concerned over a report that "a woman over age 40 has a better chance of being killed by a…
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Q: Annie is concerned over a report that "a woman over age 40 has a better chance of being killed by a…
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Q: alternate hypothesis (4.5,19,>19 or <19)
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Q: how do I find the test statistics and pvalue using excel or statcrunch? thank u
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A: Given: p1^=0.071, n1=10292p2^=0.098, n2=51460
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Q: Ho :p = 0.026 H. P 0.026
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- To investigate water quality, in early September 2016, the Ohio Department of Health took water samples at 2424 beaches on Lake Erie in Erie County. Those samples were tested for fecal coliform, which are the E. coli bacteria found in human and animal feces. An unsafe level of fecal coliform means there is a higher chance that disease‑causing bacteria are present and more risk that a swimmer will become ill if she or he should accidentally ingest some of the water. Ohio considers it unsafe for swimming if a 100-milliliter100-milliliter sample (about 3.3 ounces)3.3 ounces) of water contains more than 400400 coliform bacteria. The E. coli levels found by the laboratories are shown in the table. 18.7 579.4 1986.3 517.2 98.7 45.7 124.6 201.4 19.9 83.6 365.4 307.6 285.1 152.9 18.7 151.5 365.4 238.2 209.8 290.9 137.6 1046.2 127.4 224.7 Take these water samples to be an SRS of the water in all swimming areas in Erie County. Are these data good evidence that on…Eyeglassomatic manufactures eyeglasses for different retailers. They test to see how many defective lenses they made in a given time period and found that 10% of all lenses had defects of some type. Looking at the type of defects, they found in a three-month time period that out of 34,024 defective lenses, 5840 were due to scratches. Are there more defects from scratches than from all other causes? State the Type I and Type II errors in this case.State the Type I error. Concluding that the proportion of defects from scratches is 10%, when in reality it is less than 10%. Concluding that the proportion of defects from scratches is 10%, when in reality it is higher than 10%. Concluding that the proportion of defects from scratches is less than 10%, when the proportion is actually 10%. Concluding that the proportion of defects from scratches is higher than 10%, when the proportion is actually 10%. State the Type II error. Concluding that the proportion of defects from scratches is…A study is undertaken to determine if prenatal exposure to marijuana is associated with low birth weight in infants. Mothers of 50 infants weighing less than 5 pounds (low birth weight) and 50 infants weighing more than 7 pounds (normal birth weight) are questioned about their use of marijuana during pregnancy. The study finds that 20 mothers of low-birth-weight infants and 2 mothers of normal birth weight infants used the drug during pregnancy. In this study, the odds ratio associated with smoking marijuana during pregnancy is:
- Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‑related deaths in the United States. Researchers examined the idea of testing all Medicare‑enrolled heavy smokers for lung cancer with a computed tomography (CT) scan every year. In this population, the lifetime chance of developing lung cancer is high. In any given year, approximately 3%3% of heavy smokers develop lung cancer. The CT scan positively identifies lung cancer 89%89% of the time, and it gives a negative result for 93%93% of individuals who do not have lung cancer. (a) Use probability notation to express the three values cited. Match the notation with the appropriate values. Not necessarily all notation choices should be used.Annie is concerned over a report that "a woman over age 40 has a better chance of being killed by a terrorist than of getting married." A study found that the likelihood of marriage for a never-previously-wed, 40-year-old university-educated American woman was 2.6 % . To demonstrate that this percentage is too small, Annie uses her resources at the Baltimore Sun to conduct a simple random sample of 540 never-previously-wed, university-educated, American women who were single at the beginning of their 40s and who are now 45. of these women, 20 report now being married. Does this evidence support Annie's claim, at the 0.10 level of significance, that the chances of getting married for this group is greater than 2.6 % ? Step 2 of 3: Compute the value of the test statistic. Round your answer to two decimal places. 囲 Tables E Keypad Answer Keyboard ShortcutsAssisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is a collection of techniques that help facilitate pregnancy, such as in vitro fertilization. A 2008 report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated that ART has been successful in leading to a live birth in 31% of cases. A new fertility clinic claims that their success rate is higher than average. A random sample of 30 patients found that 12 were successful. A consumer watchdog group would like to determine if this provides strong evidence for the company’s claim. Assume that p= 0.31 is the true probability that an ART procedure is successful. Find the sampling distribution of p hat. How likely would it be to observe this random sample, or one with an even higher success rate, if our assumption is true? Based on this analysis, the consumer group writes the follow: “Fertility clinic falsely advertises better success rates.” Comment on the appropriateness of this statement.
- Annie is concerned over a report that "a woman over age 40 has a better chance of being killed by a terrorist than of getting married." A study found that the likelihood of marriage for a never-previously-wed, 40-year-old university-educated American woman was 3.4%. To demonstrate that this percentage is too small, Annie uses her resources at the Baltimore Sun to conduct a simple random sample of 457 never-previously-wed, university-educated, American women who were single at the beginning of their 40s and who are now 45. Of these women, 24 report now being married. Does this evidence support Annie’s claim, at the 0.05 level of significance, that the chances of getting married for this group is greater than 3.4%? Step 2 of 3 : Compute the value of the test statistic. Round your answer to two decimal placesOxford survey of childhood cancers Begun in 1955, this project encompasses potentially all children in Britain with cancer since 1953. A total of 8,513 cases were enrolled until 1967. For each case, a healthy control is selected from local birth registration lists, matched by age, sex and region of residence. Data concerning each case and control are obtained by interviewing mothers and by available medical records. Prime attention is paid to prenatal events as potential oncogenic factors and, in particular, maternal exposure to diagnostic irradiation during gestation. The table below shows some of the data in the study. 1. identify if the design is prospective or retrospective. 2. Compute for and interpret the measure of association between the exposure and outcome.Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death and illness worldwide, with high blood pressure and high LDL cholesterol both being established risk factors. Because most cardiovascular events occur in persons with average risk and no previous cardiovascular disease history, the present research examined the simultaneous use of both blood pressure‑reducing drugs and cholesterol‑reducing drugs on this population rather than focus on only those at high risk. Subjects included men at least 55 years old and women at least 65 years old without cardiovascular disease who had at least one additional risk factor besides age, such as recent or current smoking, hypertension, or family history of premature coronary heart disease. Those with current cardiovascular disease were excluded from the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to the treatment (cholesterol‑ and blood pressure‑reducing drugs) or a placebo, and the number suffering the primary outcome of a fatal cardiovascular event or a…
- A 2017 article in The New England Journal of Medicine details the results of a randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of a rotavirus gastroenteritis vaccine designed for infants. As per the authors: “Each year, rotavirus gastroenteritis is responsible for about 37% of deaths from diarrhea among children younger than 5 years of age worldwide, with a disproportionate effect in sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Niger to evaluate the efficacy of a live, oral bovine rotavirus pentavalent vaccine (BRV-PV, Serum Institute of India) to prevent severe rotavirus gastroenteritis. Healthy infants received three doses of the vaccine or placebo at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. Episodes of rotavirus gastroenteritis were assessed through active and passive surveillance.” The following Kaplan-Meier curves show the time to a diagnosis of rotavirus gastroenteritis separately for the vaccine and placebo samples. Infants were followed for up to 60…Annie is concerned over a report that "a woman over age 40 has a better chance of being killed by a terrorist than of getting married." A study found that the likelihood of marriage for a never-previously-wed, 40-year-old university-educated American woman was 2.8%. To demonstrate that this percentage is too small, Annie uses her resources at the Baltimore Sun to conduct a simple random sample of 414 never-previously-wed, university-educated, American women who were single at the beginning of their 40s and who are now 45. Of these women, 16 report now being married. Does this evidence support Annie’s claim, at the 0.01 level of significance, that the chances of getting married for this group is greater than 2.8%? \Step 2 of 3: Compute the value of the test statistic. Round your answer to two decimal places.A researcher believes that children who attend elementary school in a rural setting have lower obesity rates then children who attend elementary school in an urban setting. The researcher collects a random sample from each population and records the proportion of children in each sample who are clinically obese. The data is summarized in the table below. Assume that all conditions for proceeding with a two-sample test have been met. Find the z-statistic (rounded to the nearest hundredth) and p-value (rounded to the nearest thousandth) for this hypothesis test. Using a 5% significance level, state the correct conclusion regarding the null hypothesis H0: prural = purban. a) z = -1.95, p = 0.026. There is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis. b) z = -1.85, p = 0.032. There is sufficient evidence to accept the null hypothesis. c) z = -1.95, p = 0.026. There is not sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis. d) z =1.95, p = 0.026. There is sufficient evidence to…