2.Move over carrots? In a long-term study, researchers collectedinformation about the diets of participants and whether or not theydeveloped the eye condition called age-related macular degeneration(AMD).People who ate lots of green leafy vegetables, which are high inlutein and zeaxanthin, had a lower risk of AMD. Based on this study, is itreasonable to conclude that eating green leafy vegetables causes areduction in the risk of AMD? Explain.45

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Answered: 2. Move over carrots? In a long-term…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Stewart Fleishman specializes in the psychiatric aspects of symptom management in cancer patients. Pain, depression, and fatigue can appear as single symptoms, in conjunction with one other symptom, or all together in patients with cancer. You are interested in testing a new kind of cognitive-behavioral therapy for the treatment of the simultaneous clustering of pain and fatigue in cancer patients. The following scores represent the decrease in symptom intensity (on a 10-point scale) following the new cognitive-behavioral therapy. Scores Patient Pain (X) Fatigue (Y) A 3 1.25 B 4 0 C 5 6.5 D 6 2.5 E 7 10 Create a scatter plot of these scores on the grid. For each of the five (X, Y) pairs, drag the orange points (square symbol) in the upper-right corner of the diagram to the appropriate location on the grid. Scores02468101086420FATIGUEPAIN Calculate the means and complete the following table by calculating the deviations from the…
Oishi & Shigehiro (2010) report that people who move from home to home frequently as children tend to have lower than average levels of well-being as adults. To further examine this relationship, a psychologist obtains a sample of n = 12 young adults who each experienced 5 or more different homes before they were 16 years old. These participants were given a standardized well-being questionnaire for which the general population has an average score of µ = 40. The well-being scores for this sample are as follows: 23, 37, 41, 35, 43, 37, 33, 34, 36, 38, 31, 38. On the basis of this sample, is well-being for frequent movers significantly different from the well-being of the general population? Test with alpha a = .05. Is this a one- %3D tailed or two-tailed test?
Peanut Allergies. In the article “Food Allergy Advice May Be Peanuts” (Science News, Vol. 174, No. 12, pp. 8–9), N. Seppa reports that early exposure to peanuts seems to lessen the risk of nut allergy. Of 4000 Jewish children sampled in Britain, 1.85% had peanut allergies; and of 4600 Jewish children sampled in Israel, where early peanut consumption is more common, 0.17% had peanut allergies. The researcher chose Jewish children in both countries to limit genetic differences between groups. a. Is this study descriptive or inferential? b. Is this study observational or experimental?
Coughlin et al. (A-9) examined the breast and cervical screening practices of Hispanic and non- Hispanic women in counties that approximate the U.S. southern border region. The study used data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys of adults age 18 years or older conducted in 1999 and 2000. The table below reports the number of observations of Hispanic and non-Hispanic women who had received a mammogram in the past 2 years cross-classified with marital status. Marital Status Currently Married Divorced or Separated Widowed Never Married or Living As an Unmarried Couple Hispanic 319 130 88 41 Non-Hispanic 738 329 402 95 (a) We select at random a subject who divorced or separated? ect who ha Total 1057 459 490 136 Total 578 1564 2142 Source: Steven S. Coughlin, Robert J. Uhler, Thomas Richards, and Katherine M. Wilson, "Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Practices Among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Women Residing Near the United States-Mexico Border, 1999-2000," Family…
Early-Onset Dementia. Dementia is the loss of the intellectual and social abilities severe enough to interfere with judgment, behavior, and daily functioning. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia. In the article “Living with Early Onset Dementia: Exploring the Experience and Developing Evidence-Based Guidelines for Practice” (Alzheimer’s Care Quarterly, Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 111–122), P. Harris and J. Keady explored the experience and struggles of people diagnosed with dementia and their families. If the mean age at diagnosis of all people with early-onset dementia is 55 years, find the probability that a random sample of 21 such people will have a mean age at diagnosis less than 52.5 years. Assume that the population standard deviation is 6.8 years. State any assumptions that you are making in solving this problem.
Cat Ownership and Schizophrenia Could owning a cat as a child be related to mental illness later in life? Toxoplasmosis is a disease transmitted primarily through contact with cat feces, and has recently been linked with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses. Also, people infected with Toxoplasmosis tend to like cats more and are 2.5 times more likely to get in a car accident, due to delayed reaction times. The CDC estimates that about 22.5% of Americans are infected with Toxoplasmosis (most have no symptoms), and this prevalence can be as high as 95 % in other parts of the world. A study' randomly selected 262 people registered with the National Alliance for the Mentally III (NAMI), almost all of whom had schizophrenia, and for each person selected, chose two people from families without mental illness who were the same age, sex, and socioeconomic status as the person selected from NAMI. Each participant was asked whether or not they owned a cat as a child. The results showed that…
Hepatitis B and Pancreatic Cancer. The article “Study Links Hepatitis B and Cancer of Pancreas” by D. Grady, appeared in the September 29, 2008 issue of the NewYork Times. It reported that, for the first time, a study showed that people with pancreatic cancer are more likely than those without the disease to have been infected with the hepatitis B virus. The study by M. Hassan et al., titled “Association Between Hepatitis B Virus and Pancreatic Cancer” (Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol. 26, No. 28, pp. 4557–4562) compared 476 people who had pancreatic cancer with 879 healthy control subjects. All were tested to see whether they had ever been infected with the viruses that cause hepatitis B or hepatitis C. The results were that no connection was found to hepatitis C, but the cancer patients were twice as likely as the healthy subjects to have had hepatitis B. The researchers noted, however, that “. . . while the study showed an association, it did not prove cause and effect. More work…
In a study of 301 Hispanic women living in San Antonia, Texas, one variable of interest was the percentage of subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). IFG refers to a metabolic stage intermediate between normal glucose homeostasis and diabetes. In the study, 24 women were classified in the IFG stage. The article cites population estimates for IFG among Hispanic women in Texas as 6.3%. Is there sufficient evidence to indicate the population of Hispanic women in San Antonio has a prevalence of IFG higher than 6.3%? Use 95% confidence level and the p -value method to form your conclusion. Define x.
A pharmaceutical company is testing a new drug for a rare disease. In a clinical trial, 1000 patients with the disease were randomly assigned to receive either the new drug or a placebo. After one year, it was found that 60% of the patients who received the new drug experienced improvement, compared to only 40% of those who received the placebo. Is the difference in improvement rates statistically significant? Provide your rationale.
Researchers investigate how the presence of cell phones influence the quality of human interaction. Subjects are randomly selected from a population and divided into an experimental group that is asked to leave their phones in the front of the room and a control group that are not asked to leave their cell phones at the front of the room. Subjects are left alone for 10 minutes and then asked to take a survey designed to measure quality of interactions they had with others in the experiment. What statistical test is appropriate?
NCI Cancer Bulletin, December 2, 2008 Volume 5 / Number 24 Title of the article: After Menopause, Weight Affects Breast Cancer Rates More than Mammography Use Women who are overweight or obese after menopause face an increased risk of breast cancer, but a large prospective cohort study indicates that the frequency of mammography use and screening accuracy are not the primary explanations for higher rates of breast cancer in these women. The same is true of large, invasive breast cancer tumors and advanced stage disease; risk increases with weight, but higher rates are not explained by the frequency or accuracy of screening mammography before breast cancer was diagnosed. The study appears in the December 3 Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Dr. Karla Kerlikowske of the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and colleagues gathered data on 287,115 postmenopausal women who were registered in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium database. Reflecting a trend in the…
Coughlin et al. (A-9) examined the breast and cervical screening practices of Hispanic and non- Hispanic women in counties that approximate the U.S. southern border region. The study used data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys of adults age 18 years or older conducted in 1999 and 2000. The table below reports the number of observations of Hispanic and non-Hispanic women who had received a mammogram in the past 2 years cross-classified with marital status. (b) Objective probability (d) Classical probability (f) Mutually exclusive events (h) Marginal probability (j) Conditional probability (l) The multiplication rule (n) False positive(p) Sensitivity(r) Predictive value positive (t) Bayes’s theorem 86 CHAPTER 3 SOME BASIC PROBABILITY CONCEPTS Marital Status Currently MarriedDivorced or SeparatedWidowed 88 Never Married or Living As 41 an Unmarried Couple Total 578 Hispanic Non-Hispanic Total 738 1057 329 459 402 490 95 136 1564 2142 319…

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