A study prospectively examined whether sleep-disordered breathing was associated with an increasedrisk of death from any cause in a cohort of 600 adults participating in the Sleep Heart Health Study.Study participants were classified into four groups depending on the extent of their sleep-disorderedbreathing (none, mild, moderate, or severe). The counts of deaths over the course of the study arereported for each group in the following two-way table.DeathNo DeathTotalNone40100140Mild40100140Moderate20100120Severe100100200Total200400600We want to know whether the study findings give evidence of a significant difference of the number ofdeaths between the different groups.The observed test statistic is3.61042.8575.4768.075

From the above data The observed Frequencies are None mid moderate severe Death 40 40 20…

Answered: A study prospectively examined whether…

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)

10th Edition

ISBN:9780134753119

Author:Sheldon Ross

Publisher:Sheldon Ross

Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P: a. How many different 7-place license plates are possible if the first 2 places are for letters and...

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A researcher is conducting an experimental study on the effect of aspirin on heart attack risk. In order to assign who will receive aspirin and who will receive a placebo, she first divides her study into three age groups (18-29, 30-49, and 50 or older). She then randomly assigns individuals within these age groups to either receive aspirin or the placebo. This is an example of a cluster ?
An article describes a study in which a new type of ointment was applied to forearms of volunteers to study the rates of absorption into the skin.Eight locations on the forearm were designated for ointment application. The new ointment was applied to six locations,and a control was applied to the other two.How many different choices were there for the six locations to apply the new ointment?
A researcher would like to know which factors are most important to people who are buying a new car. A sample of n=200 customers between the ages of 20 and 29 are asked to identify the most important factor in the decision process: Performance, Reliability, or Style. The researcher would like to know whether there is a difference between the factors identified by women compared to those identified by men. The data are as follows: Observed Frequencies of Most Important Factors According to Gender: Performance Reliability Style Total Male 21 33 26 80 Female 19 67 34 120 Total 40 100 60 Compute the expected frequencies (fill in chart). Expected Frequencies: Performance Reliability Style Male Female
A survey collected data on annual credit card charges in seven different categories of expenditures: transportation, groceries, dining out, household expenses, home furnishings, apparel, and entertainment. Using data from a sample of 42 credit card accounts, assume that each account was used to identify the annual credit card charges for groceries (population 1) and the annual credit card charges for dining out (population 2). Using the difference data, with population 1– population 2, the sample mean difference was d = $870, and the sample standard deviation was s,= $1,125. (a) Formulate the null and alternative hype to test for no difference between the population mean credit card charges for groceries and the population mean credit card charges for dining out. 0> Prt :°H 0 = Pri :ºH O O Ho: Hdso H: H=0 (b) Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) What is the p-value? (Round your answer to four decimal places.) Can you conclude that the population…
A study prospectively examined whether sleep-disordered breathing was associated with an increased risk of death from any cause in a cohort of 600 adults participating in the Sleep Heart Health Study. Study participants were classified into four groups depending on the extent of their sleep-disordered breathing (none, mild, moderate, or severe). The counts of deaths over the course of the study are reported for each group in the following two-way table. Mild Severe 100 Death No Death Total None 40 100 140 40 100 140 Moderate 20 100 120 Total 200 400 600 100 200 We want to know whether the study findings give evidence of a significant difference of the number of deaths between the different groups. Set up the alternative hypothesis (H, : The distribution of the categorical variable is not as given by the null hypothesis (lack of fit) At least ones of the means is different from the others O The two categorical variables are dependent The distribution of the categorical variable is not…
The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System is an ongoing health survey system that tracks health conditions and risk behaviors in the United States. In one of their studies, a random sample of 8,866 adults answered the question “Do you consume five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day?” The data are summarized by response and by age-group in the frequency table below. Do the data provide convincing statistical evidence that there is an association between age-group and whether or not a person consumes five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day for adults in the United States?
A random survey of health issues, conducted by the Department of Public Health of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, examined the results from the state's seven largest cities. These cities were selected on the basis of their diverse racial and ethnic populations. The percentage of adults with diabetes in each city in the survey is given in the following table. City Boston Worcester Springfield Lowell Fall River Lawrence NewBedford Adults withDiabetes (%) 4.2 5.2 9.1 5.7 8.1 7.9 6.3 Find the average percentage of adults with diabetes in these seven cities. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) %What is the standard deviation for these data? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) %
Tourism is extremely important to the economy of Florida. Hotel occupancy is an often-reported measure of visitor volume and visitor activity (Orlando Sentinel, May 19, 2018). Hotel occupancy data for February in two consecutive years are as follows. Current Year Previous Year Occupied Rooms 1,360 1,386 Total Rooms 1,700 1,800 a. Formulate the hypothesis test that can be used to determine whether there has been an increase in the proportion of rooms occupied over the one-year period. Let pi = population proportion of rooms occupied for current year Pa= population proportion of rooms occupied for previous year Ho : Pi - Pa H.: Pi - P2 Select your answer Select your answer b. What is the estimated proportion of hotel rooms occupied each year (to 2 decimals)? Current year Previous Year c. Conduct a hypothesis test. What is the p-value (to 4 decimals)? Use Table 1 from Appendix B. p-value - Using a 0.05 level of significance, what is your conclusion? We Select your answer- vthat there has…
A team of epidemiologists at the Mayo Clinic wanted to find whether there is an association between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). They conducted a prospective cohort study following obese and non-obese individuals who were free of CVD at the beginning of study for five years. The investigators were also interested in assessing age as a potential confounder, effect modifier, or both. Use the data below to answer the accompanying questions. CVD No CVD Total Obese 10 90 100 Not Obese 35 465 500 Total 45 555 600 CVD No CVD Total Obese 36 164 200 Not Obese 25 175 200 Total 61 339 400 1. Compute the appropriate measure of association for those who were less than age 50. 2. Compute the appropriate measure of association for those who were older or equal to age 50. 3. Compute the crude measure of association? 4. List three attributes that age must satisfy before it could…
A cross-sectional study is conducted to investigate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among a sample of patients seeking medical care at one of three local hospitals. A total of 500500 patients are enrolled. Based on the following data, we would like to determine if there is a significant association between the family history of CVD and the enrollment site. Enrollment Site Family History of CVD Hospital 1 Hospital 2 Hospital 3 Total Yes 34 8 58 100 No 104 72 224 400 Total 138 80 282 500 Given: The value of the test statistic is χ2= 6.912 Use α=0.1 as the level of significance. The superintendent of Hospital 2 performed the Goodness of Fit Test to test whether 25% of the patients go to Hospital 1, 15% of the patients go to Hospital 2 and 60% of the patients go to Hospital 3. Given: The superintendent found that the pp-value for the test is 0.25091 Let: p1=p1= be the proportion of patients at Hospital 1 p2=p2= be the proportion of patients at…
Researchers studied a group of 30 “self-designated worriers” (i.e. individuals who reported spending at least 10% of the day worrying) and who were over the age of 70 (mean age of 78.1). The researcher randomly assigned the worriers into three groups. For the next four weeks, each group would experience a different approach to handling worry. One group engaged in a worry-focus discussion group. The second group members enjoyed individual therapy. The third group went for daily walks in the park. Data was collected, analyzed, and interpreted. Write a valid one sentence hypothesis statement using proper form of the above research design.
The National Highway traffic Safety Administration requires each U.S. state to carry out an observational study to assess the level of seat belt use in the state. One report summarized data from a study done in a certain state. The proportions in the accompanying table are based on observations of over 25,000 drivers and passengers. Male Female Uses Seatbelt Does Not Use Seat Belt 0.42 0.455 0.08 0.045 Assume that these proportions are representative of adults in this state and that an adult from this state is selected at random. (a) What is the probability that the selected adult does not use a seat belt given that the selected individual is female? (b) What is the probability that the selected individual is female given that the selected individual does not use a seat belt? (c) Are the probabilities from parts (a) and (b) equal? Write a couple of sentences explaining why or why not. They --Select--- ✓ equal. Part (a) is the proportion of [---Select--- ---Select--- and part (b) is the…

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