3. miR164 is a gene that encodes for a miRNA that targets a transcription factor. Describein detail how, mechanistically, expression of miR164 could lead to altering the functionof the transcription factor

Name: 3. miR164 is a gene that encodes for a miRNA that targets a transcrip
Uploaded: 2024-03-20T06:42:41.000Z
Channel: Bartleby
Description: 3. miR164 is a gene that encodes for a miRNA that targets a transcription factor. Describein detail how, mechanistically, expression of miR164 could lead to altering the functionof the transcription factor

Transcription factors are small molecules that help in transcription. A gene expression can be regulated. It prevents the expression of a particular gene. RNA possesses catalytic activity and such function allows RNA to control some aspect of gene expression.For a gene to be turned on, the cell receives specific signals, which results in binding of the gene regulatory factors to the cell receptors, thereby promoting translation of the protein. In most cases, gene regulatory factors that “turn on” a gene are transcription factors. In some cases, gene regulation also involves terminating the gene expression when required amount of product is produced in the cell. Transcription termination factor Rho is one such factor that promotes transcription termination and preserves the integrity of the genome. The miR164 is a conserved miRNA. The siRNAs (small interfering RNA) originate from the cleavage of mRNAs, RNA transposons, and RNA viruses by the enzyme Dicer. Dicer may produce multiple siRNAs from a single double-stranded RNA molecule. The double-stranded RNA molecule may occur due to the formation of hairpins or by duplexes between different RNA molecules. The miRNAs ((micro interfering RNA) arise from the cleavage of individual RNA molecules that are distinct from other genes. The enzyme Dicer cleaves these RNA molecules that have formed small hairpins. A single miRNA is produced from a single RNA molecule. In eukaryotes, small RNAs have been found to behave as gene silencers' since they do not allow the expression of genes. RNA silencing is also known as RNA interference. It is a process in which gene silencing effect is achieved by non-coding RNA. It involves two types of regulatory RNA such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). They degrade the target messenger RNA (mRNA) and inhibit the translation.