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1. Give the importance of carbohydrate fermentation test in biochemical testing and enumerate the enzymes that are involved.
2. What are the substances added in the culture media utilized by the organism producing hydrogen sulfide? Give 2 other media used for the production of hydrogen sulfide.
3. Explain the mechanism taking place in the hydrolysis of urea which leads to the formation of bluish red color.
4. Discuss why human blood plasma will not always yield reliable results.
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- 1. Give the importance of carbohydrate fermentation test in biochemical testing and enumerate the enzymes that are involved. (5 points) 2. What are the substances added in the culture media utilized by the organism producing hydrogen sulfide? Give 2 other media used for the production of hydrogen sulfide. (5 points) 3. Explain the mechanism taking place in the hydrolysis of urea which leads to the formation of bluish red color. ( 5 points) 4. Discuss why human blood plasma will not always yield reliable results. (5 points)2. What are the substances added in the culture media utilized by the organism producing hydrogen sulfide? Give 2 other media used for the production of hydrogen sulfide. 3. Explain the mechanism taking place in the hydrolysis of urea which leads to the formation of bluish red color. 4. Discuss why human blood plasma will not always yield reliable results.1. Give the importance and purpose of the Cetrimide Test. 2. Discuss briefly how each of the different oxidase method is being performed - Dry Filter Paper Method, Wet Filter Paper Method and Swab Method. 3. In the Oxidative-Fermentative Test, differentiate non-saccharolytic from oxidative from fermentative results.
- Match the chemical reaction to the visual effect of the product/biochemical test description 1. This assay's color change relies on an initial reduction reaction resulting in a black precipitate if the organisms is "positive" 2. The visual production of gas from this reaction indicates this organism can break down toxic byproducts of aerobic respiration. 3. This assay relies on a pH indicator (phenol red) for a color change. An organism that was "positive" for the certain enzyme in this assay, would result in a pink color change. 4. If an organism was incubated in simple broth containing a phenol red pH indicator and a sugar source, and the broth turned yellow following bacterial growth, that would be evidence of this reaction occurring. 5. The reaction representing this assay, works by producing a red colored product upon addition of a reagent, which tells us the organism possesses the enzyme required to break down a particular amino acid.. A certain medium has the following composition: Glucose 15 g Yeast extract 5 g Peptone 5 g KH2PO4 2 g Distilled water 1,000 ml Tell what chemical category this medium belongs to, and explain why this is true. How could you convert Staphylococcus medium (table 3.6A) into a nonsynthetic medium? a. Name four categories that blood agar fits. Alpha hemolysis Beta hemolysis Gamma Alpha prime Name four differential reactions that TSIA shows. Observe figure 3.15. Suggest what causes the difference in growth pattern between nonmotile and motile bacteria. Explain what a medium that is both selective and differential does, using figure 3.18. a. What kind of medium might you make to selectively grow a bacterium that lives in the ocean? MSA Mannitol salt agar One that lives in the human stomach? Why are intestinal bacteria able to grow…Phenylananine Deaminase: 1. Explain the incubation conditions 2. Explain the reagents being added 3. Explain the observations in phenylananie deaminase 4. Explain the interpretations in phenylananie deaminase
- 1.Which test is used to differentiate between fermentative and oxidative metabolism?describe the different results that may be observed with this test1. What results are expected if you drop H2O2 into a cut on your arm? Explain why those results are expected. 2. To do this test, why do you have to grow the organism in medium containing tryptophan? 3. Why is a red color after the addition of zinc a negative result for nitrate reductase?4. Complete the table for Watson-Schwartz Test Results for porphobilinogen and urobilinogen determination. Chloroform Layer (bottom) Modified Ehrlich Result Butanol Layer (top) Reaction Negative Urobilinogen positive Porphobilinogen positive Positive for other Ehrlich reactive substances
- Can you classify the following biochemical tests based on the following criteria and explain why you did so? Test based on the presence of extracellular enzymes Test based on the presence of intracellular enzymes Test ased on carbohydrate fermentation Test based on protein catabolism 1. Catalase Test 2. Oxidase test 3. MacConkey agar (MAC) Medium Test 4. Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) Medium Test 5. Gelatin Hydrolysis 6. Indole Production 7. Motility-Indole-Ornithine Decarboxylation Test 8. Methyl Red / Voges-Proskauer (MR/VP) Test 9. Nitrate Reduction Test 10. Simmon’s Citrate Agar Slant 11. Triple Iron Sugar Test 12. Urease TestREAGENTS. Match the name of the reagent with the physiological test. Tests may require more than one answer. a. alpha-naphthol b. dimethyl-alpha-naphthylamine c. ferric chloride d. Gram’s iodine e. hydrogen peroxide f. Kovac’s reagent g. methyl red h. N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride i. potassium hydroxide (KOH) j. sulfanilic acid 2,3-butanediol fermentation catalase test mixed-acid fermentation nitrate reduction oxidase test phenylalanine deamination starch hydrolysis tryptophan degradation1. Describe the role of sodium and phosphomolybdate reagent in Folin Wu method. 2. Describe the accuracy and specificity of Nelson-Somogyi method 3. Do you think PFF should be part of enzymatic method of glucose determination? Explain your answer.