Geneticists isolated six trains of E. coli (strains 1-6) whose lac operons had one of the following mutations (a-f): a. deletion of lacY b. oº mutation c. missense mutation in lacz d. inversion of the lac operon (which does not include the lacl gene) e. superrepressor mutation f. inversion of lacz, Y, and Z, but not lacl, P, o Focusing on the mutation in B: a. what is the state of the lac operon (on, off, inducible, or constitutive)? b. Provide an explanation using repressor, RNA pol, transcription, and the appropriate regulatory region of the operon. c. If a PDNA of another lac operon is inserted into the bacteria with a wild type/normal copy of the DNA, how would this impact the transcription of the original mutant in B?

Q: When researchers analyzed the gad operon they found the following: Expression of the gad operon at…

A: Here we saw that mutant 1 is causing the expression of gad protein even at pH7 which was not…

Q: If the above gene is one of the three structural genes of the lac operon that codes for the protein/…

A: The bacterium Ecoli possess a highly effective lactose Metabolism process . The lac operon is a…

Q: 1) The logic of the Lac operon was deciphered by using bacterial lac-operon mutants. Crucial to the…

A: Lac operon is a genetic unit in bacteria that helps in the metabolism of lactose in E.coli and lac…

Q: A mutation in the operator region of the trp operon can prevent the trp repressor from binding to…

A: Operons are the functional unit of transcription and regulation of genes in almost all bacteria and…

Q: In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction where enzyme concentration is held constant and substrate…

A: Enzymes are biological catalysts. They increase the rate of the reaction they catalyze. There are…

Q: Geneticists isolated six trains of E. coli (strains 1-6) whose lac operons had one of the following…

A: LAC operon of E. coli is an example of inducible gene expression system. Lactose acts as inducer…

Q: If lactose isn't present in the environment of an E. coli, what is the state of the lac operon? O a.…

A: The lactose operon (also known as the lac operon) is a group of genes present in E. coli and other…

Q: Propose a final method of gene regulation of the Up Lateoperon using an updated drawn figure of the…

A: An operon is a part of the DNA where a few genes are clustered together that are transcribed…

Q: You find a new mutant strain of E. coli that fails to transcribe the rrnA2 gene, but all other genes…

A: DNA is the genetic material of most living organisms, and the genetic information in the DNA is…

Q: Imagine this scenario: In E.coli the Operon X encodes for Proteins Y, X and Z. Proteins Y, X and Z…

A: Introduction  The lac operon is a group of genes in bacteria that are regulated as a unit and are…

Q: Strain LOLZ has a mutation in the lacI gene that results in a lacI protein that cannot bind…

A: Lac operon is the segment of DNA which is responsible for breaking down of lactose into glucose and…

Q: a. The original constitutive operator mutations in thelac operon were all base changes in o1. Why…

A: The original constitutive operator mutations made in the lac operon involved base changes in the O1.…

Q: Six strains of E. coli (mutants 1-6) that had one of the following mutations affecting the lac…

A: The mutations that would prevent the E.coli strain from utilizing lactose include deletion of lacY,…

Q: You identify a mutant that affects lac operon expression. You decide to investigate this mutant…

A: The concept of transcriptional regulation refers to the mechanisms by which cells control the…

Q: 1. A. A mutation in E. coli is found that fails to induce the arabinose operon. Upon further…

A: A mutation is a change to the DNA sequence of a cell. This change can be due to rearrangements on…

Q: Which protein(s) would be bound to the DNA of the lac operon in the presence of both lactose and…

A: INTRODUCTION Lac operon This is group of genes having a single promoter. It contain protein that…

Q: You grow bacteria in media where the only carbon source is lactose (rich lactose media). Which of…

A: Introduction- Lysogen is defined as the strain of bacteria affected by a virus, i.e., a phage that…

Q: A21. Two single-base substitutions in the trpA gene of E.coli both affected amino acid number 234.…

A: Missense mutation defines the alteration of genetic code/codon via the single base pair…

Q: 1) The UR operon which is composed of sequences A, B, C, and D (which may or may not be genes of…

A: An operon may be considered as a group of certain genes which function together so as to regulate…

Q: If CAP is bound to the Promoter of the Lac Operon and the repressor protein is not bound to the…

A: Operon is the prokaryotic gene regulatory system that controls the expression of polycistronic mRNA.…

Q: Strain LOLZ has a mutation in the lacI gene that results in a lacI protein that cannot bind…

A: Lac operon is the segment of DNA which is responsible for breaking down lactose into glucose and…

Q: Which of the following describes the lac operon in E. coli when lactose and glucose is present in…

A: The lac repressor acts as a lactose sensor. It normally blocks transcription of the operon, but…

Q: he lac operon, determine whether genes will be expressed (on) or silenced (off) given the following:…

A: IN option A Lactose levels are high, glucose is low.---- Genes will be expressed(on).

Q: You are working as a protein engineer. You decide to work on lacl protein ( This is the repressor…

A: An operon is a cluster of genes under a single promoter. The gene products of genes in an operon are…

Q: F’ lac I- O+ Z+/ lac I+ Oc Z- the genotype indicated would lead to what type of expression of…

A: Bacteria contain multicistronic arrangements for the expression of genes that are involved in a…

Q: Strain HK180 has lac operon with a nonfunctional lacP. Otherwise all other parts of the operon are…

A: The promoter is a DNA sequence located upstream of the target gene to be transcribed, to which RNA…

Q: Explain how the data shown indicate that two operator sites are necessary for repression of the lac…

A: Introduction: Lac operon exerts positive control on catabolite repression that leads to an increase…

Q: Think about components/interactions of lac operon during conditions of: - glucose, + lactose…

A: In the presence of easily metabolisable sugars like glucose, the bacteria first utilizes the simple…

Q: 1)A. how do you read a sequence of DNA (template or non-template strand) to convert it an mRNA…

A: *NOTE: Kindly repost for other questions. Dear Student as per the guidelines we are supposed to…

Q: 2. The promoter (P) is the start site of transcription through the binding of RNA polymerase before…

A: The lac operon: The lac operon or the lactose operon is the most widely studied gene with respect to…

Q: v constructed gene. What will

A: introduction pGLO is a genetically engineered plasmid which incorporates parts of the arabinose…

Q: Which of the following environmental conditions would be MOST likely to result in transcription of…

A: The transcription of the lac Oberon in an E.colicell is high levels of lactose and high levels of…

Q: What type of mutation causes the "mutant" variety of the PTC gene?  a A point mutation which lead…

A: PTC gene: it is the premature translation-termination codon. PTC is responsible for about one third…

Q: One of the main lessons of this chapter is that several bacterial genes are often transcribed from a…

A: As given: Several bacterial genes are often transcribed from a single promoter into a large…

Q: 12a. In what condition is the LacZ gene transcribed? ANSWER (in one sentence) 12b. Fill in the…

A: The lac operon is a cluster of genes, including the lacZ, lacY, and lacA genes, that are involved in…

Q: Which ONE of the following is TRUE concerning the so‐called Philadelphia chromosome? Select one:…

A: Chromosomal deletion is simply deletion of the part of the chromosome. Chromosomal inversion is a…

Q: Suppose you have an E. coli in which the gene that codes for the lac repressor protein has been…

A: Lac operon is an inducible type of operon that involves the breakdown of lactose in E.coli.  The lac…

Q: When iron is scarce, some bacteria can stop synthesis of all enzymes that require iron (Fe3+), such…

A: Introduction  Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that are found almost everywhere on Earth.…

Q: For the wildtype E. coli two sugars influence the level of transcription of the lactose operon. Fill…

A: Sugars in the growth media cAMP levels (High or Low) Positive regulation occurs (Yes…

Q: You identify a mutant that affects lac operon expression. You decide to investigate this mutant…

A: Wild-type lac Operon Regulation:The lac operon in E. coli is a cluster of genes involved in lactose…

Q: Provide the SIGNIFICANT differences between the following: 1. Operon Systems Inducer/Lac…

A: An operon is a cluster of functional genes which are regulated by the common operator. Operons…

Q: 9. Give the levels of Beta-galactosidase activity (high or low or zero) expected for the following…

A: A set of genes present in E.coli. that regulates the uptake of lactose from the surrounding…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.