During Heaton Company's first two years of operations, the company reported absorption costing net operating income as follows Sales (@ $63 per unit) Cost of goods sold (@ $37 per unit) Gross margin Selling and administrative expenses* Net operating income Year 1 $1,197,000 703,000 494.000 303,000 $ 191,000 Year 2 $ 1,827,000 1,073,000 754,000 333,000 $ 421,000 * $3 per unit variable; $246,000 fixed each year. The company's $37 unit product cost is computed as follows: $ 9 8 1 19 $ 37 Direct materials Direct labor Variable manufacturing overhead Fixed manufacturing overhead ($456,000 + 24,000 units) Absorption costing unit product cost
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
![During Heaton Company's first two years of operations, the company reported absorption costing net operating income as follows:
Year 2
$ 1,827,000
1,073,000
754,000
333,000
$ 421,000
Year 1
Sales (@ $63 per unit)
Cost of goods sold (@ $37 per unit)
Gross margin
Selling and administrative expenses*
Net operating income
$1,197,000
703,000
494,000
303,000
$ 191,000
* $3 per unit variable; $246,000 fixed each year.
The company's $37 unit product cost is computed as follows:
Direct materials
Direct labor
Variable manufacturing overhead
Fixed manufacturing overhead ($456,000 - 24,000 units)
Absorption costing unit product cost
9
8
1
19
$ 37
Forty percent of fixed manufacturing overhead consists of wages and salaries; the remainder consists
of depreciation charges on production equipment and buildings.
Production and cost data for the two years are:
Units produced
Units sold
Year 1
24,000
19,000
Year 2
24,000
29,000
Required:
1. Prepare a variable costing contribution format income statement for each year.
Heaton Company
Variable Costing Income Statement
Year 1
Year 2
Variable expenses:
Total variable expenses
Fixed expenses:
Total fixed expenses
Net operating income (loss)](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff8151a55-1f97-4293-9574-706e6f6ba5ac%2F9dc94c14-6f1c-4130-91f6-f7e49a92e037%2Fhydltc_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![2. Reconcile the absorption costing and the variable costing net operating income figures for each year.
Reconciliation of Variable Costing and Absorption Costing Net Operating Incomes (Losses)
Year 1
Year 2
Variable costing net operating income (loss)
Add (deduct) fixed manufacturing overhead deferred in (released from)
inventory under absorption costing
Absorption costing net operating income (loss)](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff8151a55-1f97-4293-9574-706e6f6ba5ac%2F9dc94c14-6f1c-4130-91f6-f7e49a92e037%2Fdpu1yod_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
![Blurred answer](/static/compass_v2/solution-images/blurred-answer.jpg)
![FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING](https://compass-isbn-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259964947/9781259964947_smallCoverImage.jpg)
![Accounting](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781337272094/9781337272094_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Accounting Information Systems](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781337619202/9781337619202_smallCoverImage.gif)
![FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING](https://compass-isbn-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259964947/9781259964947_smallCoverImage.jpg)
![Accounting](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781337272094/9781337272094_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Accounting Information Systems](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781337619202/9781337619202_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Horngren's Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis…](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780134475585/9780134475585_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Intermediate Accounting](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259722660/9781259722660_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Financial and Managerial Accounting](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259726705/9781259726705_smallCoverImage.gif)