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- What is NOT a second messenger? phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate cyclic guanosine monophosphate diacylglycerol inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate cyclic adenosine monophosphateThere are two groups of drugs classified as antagonists of histamine receptor antagonists. The one group blocks activation of histamine; receptors, while the second group selectively blocks histaminez receptors. Mr HA is a pharmacy student who is worrying about his next pharmacology test, and he has come into the pharmacy complaining of stomach pain associated with gastric hyperacidity. 5.1. Identify the class of histamine antagonists that would be appropriate for Mr HA. Clearly motivate your choice by explaining the action of histamine at the specific receptor sub-type identified and thus the physiological outcome of using the appropriate histamine antagonist. 5.2. Several different local hormones and mediators play a role in platelet aggregation and blood coagulation. For each of the following mediators, identify (1) the site where the mediator is produced/found and (i) the physiological function when released 5.2.1. Thromboxane 5.2.2. Prostacyclin 5.2.3. Serotonin 5.2.4. Nitric…Figure 2. The structure of the opioid binding receptor
- Which of the following is false about chymotrypsin? A Hydrolytic cleavage of a peptide bond by chymotrypsin involves two nucleophilic attacks to the substrate B It is activated in the presence of trypsin C It is synthesized in the thyroid gland D Polypeptide chains in chymotrypsin are linked by S-S bonds5) Explain the synthesis, release and pharmacology of histamineWhich of the following first messengers is a polypeptide? acetylcholine adrenaline insulin O progesterone Oepinephrine
- The rate limiting enzymes for norepinephrine is respectively. Aromatic catecholaminase; serotonin methylase tyrosine carboxylase; tryptophan carboxylase amino acid decarboxylase; tyrosine decarboxylase tyrosine hydroxylase; tryptophan hydroxylase and for 5-HT isSome forms of anxiety are thought to be associated with insufficient levels of norepinephrine. Explain how an MAO inhibitor couldhelp with treatment of anxietyWhich of the following first messengers is hydrophobic and binds to a nuclear receptor protein inside cells? Oglucagon epinephrine O acetylcholine Oglucocorticoid insulin
- Endocrine Ligand acting on intracellular receptor should be: O Hydrophilic O Hydrophobic O Amphipathic O Macromolecule What kinds of molecules may pass throughthế hucleus When CAMP is formed, it will activate: O Protein Kinase C O Protein Kinase A O G-protein O Adenylyl cyclase Macrophages engulf bacteria throughWhich of the following statements about G-protein-coupled receptors and cyclic AMP is WRONG? Cyclic AMP is synthesized by adenylyl cyclase and degraded by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. Many extracellular signals acting via G-protein-coupled receptors affect the activity of the enzyme adenylyl cyclase and thus alter the concentration of cyclic AMP. The G protein alpha subunit switches itself off by hydrolyzing its bound GDP to GTP.