4. You are to choose the members of an expedition that will climb several high mountains.Each applicant for one of the positions is a heterozygote for an abnormal hemoglobin:Person A: Hb Albany: a methionine has been substituted for Lys 82 in the B-subunit.Person B: Hb Cowtown: a leucine has been substituted for His 146 in the B-subunit.Person C: Hb Flagstaff: an isoleucine has been substituted for Val 1 in the B-subunit.For the locations of the amino acid residues refer to your text, the figure on page 9 of this lab,and the KING exercises. Assuming that each of these candidates is equal in ability at lowaltitude, which one would you choose for the expedition? To answer this question, determinehow the substituted amino acid affects the structure and function of each abnormalhemoglobin, and describe the physiological effect. Focus on the stabilization of the T versusR state of hemoglobin, and the consequent physiological changes that might occuraltitude. Keep your answers brief.highPerson APerson BPerson C Kinemage 3: BPG bindingPurified (stripped) hemoglobin has a different O2 affinity than does hemoglobin in whole blood,suggesting that blood contains some other substance that complexes with hemoglobin to changeits O2 affinity. In 1967, this substance was identified as D-2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG).H-C-0-P-0H-C-H Ó0=P-0-BPG binds in a pocket created by the junction of the 4 hemoglobin subunits. Several positively-charged groups protrude into this pocket:83P10314382.78DPGN+n+643B2

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Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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10- 00 O SCNSA-SCN10A CDKN1A HANDI VTI1A SYTI • MYOCD 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2122 X Y
The 1992 drama film Lorenzo’s Oil is based on the true story of Lorenzo Odone, who was diagnosed with a hereditary orphan disease called adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). His diagnosis induced his parents to research the disease intensively, interview scientists who had studied the disease, and convince a small pharmaceutical manufacturer in England to make a few doses of an experimental drug. Explain why there are so many more drugs available to treat acne than the typical orphan disease, and discuss any government efforts that benefit people afflicted by rare diseases.
1. "Interferons (IFNs)‐α and ‐β are expressed in response to a virus infection and are released from the cell in which they are produced. IFNs induce an antiviral state in other neighboring cells. a. Which cellular process is inactivated when IFN‐treated cells are infected with a virus? b. One arm of the IFN‐induced antiviral state is the synthesis of 2′,5′‐oligoA in response to viral infection. In one sentence or a simple diagram, what is the effect of this on the cell? c. Another arm of the IFN‐induced antiviral state is activation of the protein kinase in response to viral infection. In one sentence or a simple diagram, what is the effect of this on the cell? d. All cells contain the genes for IFNs. IFN synthesis is stimulated by virus infection. Would you expect a cell that has been treated with IFN to synthesize IFN in response to a viral infection? Explain your answer."
In Sickle Cell Disease, the 6th amino acid after the START codon is different than it is in wildtype hemoglobin. An alignment of HbA DNA (wt) against HbS (sickle allele) is shown below. Arcel is asked to characterize the DNA mutation according to its nucleotide and position. r + 2 HbA: ATG HbS: GTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GAG CAC CAC CTG ACT ACT CCT GTG Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. ATG GTG The disease is caused by A20 - T20. The disease is caused by T20 - A20. The disease is caused by GAG20 - GTG20. The disease is caused by GTG21 - GAG21 ☐
IgG is one of five classes of antibodies that can be produced by our immune system. I9GS have a molecular mass of approximately 150 kDa, what is their subunit composition? OA. 1 light chain and 1 heavy chain O B. 1 light chain and 2 heavy chains OC. 2 light chains and 2 heavy chains O D. 2 light chains, 2 heavy chains, and a J chain O E. 4 light chains and 2 heavy chains
Properdin A. Splits Factor D into Da and Db B. Splits Factor B into Ba and Bb C. Splits Factor H to inactivate the C3 convertase D. Binds Bb to C3bBb to form the C3 convertase
12) The tertiary structure of immunoglobulin G is composed of 12 discrete: A. alpha-helices B. collapsed beta-barrel domains C. parallel beta-sheets D. helix-turn-helix domains
2. (6) Examine the two proteins labelled a) and b). Which of the two Ramachandran plots, c) or d) is more likely to be derived from which protein? Explain how you determined this. (a) (b) (c) (d) ✓ (degrees) ✓ (degrees) +-180 120 60 -60 -120 -180 -180 +180 120 60 -120 -180 -180 0 (degrees) 0 (degrees) +180 +180
How can a single nucleotide insertion in the beta globin gene generate a phenotypic change in the ability of the red blood cell to transport oxygen?
Analysis of a mRNA sample showed that 18% of the nitrogen-base molecules present were uracil molecules. The DNA molecule that was transcribed to form the mRNA sample would most likely contain Select one: a. 18% adenine b. 18% cytosine c. 32% thymine d. 32% adenine O O O
2 I 3 4 5 6 I 7 Sickle cell hemoglobin DNA CACGTAGACTGAGGACAC.. sheet: Deletio... obin DNA C A... globin DNA C... Sickle cell hemoglobin mRNA: Sickle cell hemoglobin Amino Acid sequence: 4. What type of mutation is this? Please explain why.
Hi, can you please explain the clinical significance of G protein mutations.

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