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From: "Towards a universal flu vaccine" the flu vaccine includes antigens from two strains of Influenza A and two strains of Influenza B. These antigens are from the head of the H spikes - an area that Each year, sticks out from the virus and so, is very easy for human immune cells to detect. However, the problem with using the head of the H spike as an antigen is... The H spike head mutates very rapidly, so quickly changes to forms not recognized by human immune cells. O The H spike head is exposed on the surface of the virus for only a short period of time. Viruses quickly pull the H spikes back inside the virus, shielding them from human immune cells. O The H spike head is often too big for the human immune cells to attack. O The H spike head is often too small for the human immune cells to bind to.

From: "Towards a universal flu vaccine" the flu vaccine includes antigens from two strains of Influenza A and two strains of Influenza B. These antigens are from the head of the H spikes - an area that Each year, sticks out from the virus and so, is very easy for human immune cells to detect. However, the problem with using the head of the H spike as an antigen is... The H spike head mutates very rapidly, so quickly changes to forms not recognized by human immune cells. O The H spike head is exposed on the surface of the virus for only a short period of time. Viruses quickly pull the H spikes back inside the virus, shielding them from human immune cells. O The H spike head is often too big for the human immune cells to attack. O The H spike head is often too small for the human immune cells to bind to.

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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From: "Towards a universal flu vaccine" Each year, the flu vaccine includes antigens from two strains of Influenza A and two strains of Influenza B. These antigens are from the head of the H spikes an area that sticks out from the virus and so, is very easy for human immune cells to detect. However, the problem with using the head of the H spike as an antigen is... O The H spike head mutates very rapidly, so quickly changes to forms not recognized by human immune cells. O The H spike head is exposed on the surface of the virus for only a short period of time. Viruses quickly pull the H spikes back inside the virus, shiclding them from human immune cells. O The H spike head is often too big for the human immune cells to attack. O The H spike head is often too small for the human immune cells to bind to.
Transcribed Image Text:From: "Towards a universal flu vaccine" Each year, the flu vaccine includes antigens from two strains of Influenza A and two strains of Influenza B. These antigens are from the head of the H spikes an area that sticks out from the virus and so, is very easy for human immune cells to detect. However, the problem with using the head of the H spike as an antigen is... O The H spike head mutates very rapidly, so quickly changes to forms not recognized by human immune cells. O The H spike head is exposed on the surface of the virus for only a short period of time. Viruses quickly pull the H spikes back inside the virus, shiclding them from human immune cells. O The H spike head is often too big for the human immune cells to attack. O The H spike head is often too small for the human immune cells to bind to.
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The flu, also known as influenza, is an infectious respiratory ailment. It spreads by contact and air. It is caused by the influenza virus. A, B, C, and D are the four kinds of influenza viruses. The two proteins on the virus’s surface, hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), are used to classify influenza A viruses.

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