1. Your company plans to develop two monoclonal antibodies in mice against Spike (S) proteins of Covid-19 viruses, tentatively named Smab1 and Smab2, for research and for treating Covid patients. 1A. Describe the procedures to develop these two mabs for research. 1B. Describe the procedures to determine their respective affinity to S proteins. 1C. How to make them suitable for human usages?

Q: present the chemical mechanism of the HIV protease. Discuss the mode of action of some inhibitors of…

A: - Proteases are enzymes that can break down proteins into peptides. HIV-1 protease (PR) is an…

Q: The following three questions are related to this patient scenario: A 65-year-old male HIV patient…

A: The intravenous antibiotics are used to treat severe kinds of bacterial infections. A most common…

Q: EVOLUTION CONNECTION The fungus-alga symbiosis thatmakes up a lichen is thought to have evolved…

A: Symbiosis is a mutual relationship between fungus and algae forms a dual organism known as lichen.…

Q: 5) Name which protein of the coronavirus attaches to host cells: Number of amino acids in this…

A: Note: “Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first…

Q: here are currently 3 vaccines for COVID approved for use in the United States: Pfizer, Moderna, and…

A: As we all know Corona virus is responsible for the recently occurring pandemic that ia still…

Q: The success of HAART (highly active antiretrovial therapy) against HIV is based on the idea that the…

A: Step 1: Understand the ProblemTo determine the effectiveness of the treatment regimen against Virus…

Q: In the extraordinary times in which we live, biotechnology is playing a vital role in helping to…

A: COVID-19 affects different people in different ways- Most common symptoms: fever dry cough…

Q: Describe each vaccine in a few sentences. Give a brief description and any major advantages and…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three subparts for…

Q: Describe and explain the difference in results if the serial dilution step of the T4 bacteriophage…

A: The T4 bacteriophage is a type of virus that infects bacterial cells. It is a complex virus that has…

Q: CRISPR has been well and truly deployed in the fight against COVID-19, but what potential does it…

A: It is a powerful technology for editing gene functions, alter the DNA sequences, and modify the…

Q: ocedures of each virus inactivation and removal in vaccine production to

A: To ensure the safety of vaccines that are given to humans intravenously, it is important to remove…

Q: Among the following statements regarding the use of viral vectors, which is (are) true: (can be more…

A: Transfer of foreign nucleic acid insert into the eukaryotic cell is transfection. For many…

Q: This is question is from my micro biology class. 1. OUTLINE the steps that lead to the production…

A: RNA viruses replicate in two pathway: 1) RNA-dependent RNA synthesis: RNA from an RNA template. 2)…

Q: Question 5: (a) Would the addition of the molecule Actinomycin D affect the production of new HIV…

A: HIV(Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is the most dangerous virus that can affect the body by causing…

Q: The success of HAART (highly active antiretrovial therapy) against HIV is based on the idea that the…

A: The objective of the question is to determine the minimum number of drugs needed to effectively…

Q: In the study of the SARS-CoV virus protein codes, it was discovered that eight potential open…

A: Answer: SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV = These are the infectious respiratory diseases causing viruses.…

Q: 6. Variations of the plaque assay can be used to determine the number of animal viruses from a…

A: There are few points about Plaque assay : When treated with the lawn of susceptible cells , a…

Q: Which of the following statements are correct for RNA viruses? Mark all that apply. A.Replication…

A: RNA viruses are a type of virus that have RNA (ribonucleic acid) as their genetic material instead…

Q: Resistance Gene." a) Using the diagram provided, describe where the forward and reverse primers…

A: # Here I have solved first part of the first question . Please send questions one by one in the…

Q: 100) The HA protein of Influenza vaccine is a. The HA1 is responsible for binding to unexposed…

A: Answer :- Option (B) is correct. - The HA protein of influenza vaccine is the HA protein of the…

Q: 13. An investigator is studying epigenetic markers in patients with retinoblastoma. It is most…

A: Retinoblastoma is a form of cancer that develops in the retina of the eye. It is rare and life…

Q: You wish to produce a subunit vaccine for a nonenveloped positive‐sense RNA virus that will…

A: * There are two kinds of viruses based on presence of outer layer  Enveloped virus  Non enveloped…

Q: 00 Examine the structures below of several anti-viral drugs. Match the anti-viral drugs with the…

A: Inhibits the viral DNA polymerase of herpesvirus : Acyclovir  Acyclovir triphosphate inhibits viral…

Q: 2. Sam is an immunologist who has designed a DNA vaccine for COVID-19. The vaccine has just entered…

A: In order to elicit an immune response, a DNA vaccine works by transfecting a particular…

Q: Discuss the role of each of these factors in the causation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Be specific…

A: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has caused a worldwide health catastrophe that has…

Q: Research has found that 95% of the particles smaller or equal to the size of the COVID-19 virus will…

A: COVID 19 (Corona virus 2019) is a pandemic disease that is caused by SARS CoV-2 (Severe acute…

Q: 1. Which of the follovwing is NOT considered CPE caused by virus infection? A. Cytolysis B. Electron…

A: Viruses: These are non -cellular ,simple microbes having one or more molecule of DNA and RNA…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.