19) Thalassaemia is a genetic disorder in which the red blood cells in the body cannot carry oxygen. A mutation in the thalassaemia gene prevents hemoglobin, the protein responsible for carrying oxygen around the body, from carrying a lot of oxygen. This makes people with thalassaemia very tired and they have a lot of trouble breathing. A. Look at the DNA sequences for normal hemoglobin and the mutated form of hemoglobin. Fill in the chart to find the mRNA, and the amino acid sequence for the mutated DNA. Normal Hemoglobin DNA Sequence CCTTGGACCCAGAGGTTC |c CUUGGACCCAGAGGUUC mRNA Amino Acids THR PRO TRP GLN ARG PHE Mutated Hemoglobin Codons Found in Messenger RNA Second Base UCAG Cys u Cys c Stop A Trp Arg Arg Arg Arg DNA Sequence CCTTGG |ACCTAG Ser Ser Phe Tyr Tyr Phe Leu Ser Ser Stop Stop Leu MRNA Leu Pro His Leu Pro His C Leu Pro Gin Leu Pro Gih Amino Acids le Thr Asn Ser A le Thr Asn Ser le Thr Lys Arg A. Met The Lys Arg Gly C Val Ala B. Explain the difference between the normal and mutated forms of hemoglobin. What type of mutation occurred? Predict why this mutation prevents hemoglobin from working correctly. Asp Asp Glu Ala Gly Gly G Val Val Ala Val Ala Glu Gly irst Base Third Base

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Bacterial Genomics

The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.

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In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.

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