### Genetic Activity of the lac Operon under Various Cellular Conditions**Instructions:**Predict the level of genetic activity of the *lac operon* as well as the status of the lac repressor and the CAP protein under the following cellular conditions (indicated by the presence (+) or absence (-) of lactose and glucose).### Cellular Conditions Table| | Lactose | Glucose ||---|---------|---------|| a) | – | – || b) | + | – || c) | – | + || d) | + | + |### Prediction QuestionsFor each set of conditions, answer the following questions:#### a) - Operon (on or off or basal?)- Lac repressor (bound to operator?)- CAP protein (bound to CAP site?)#### b)- Operon (on or off or basal?)- Lac repressor (bound to operator?)- CAP protein (bound to CAP site?)#### c)- Operon (on or off or basal?)- Lac repressor (bound to operator?)- CAP protein (bound to CAP site?)#### d)- Operon (on or off or basal?)- Lac repressor (bound to operator?)- CAP protein (bound to CAP site?)

In lac operon, structural genes responsible for lactose metabolism are all under the control of a…

Answered: 4. Predict the level of genetic…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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1. The table below shows partial diploid E. coli with lac operon mutations For each mutant, indicate whether expression of permease is:• None (absent)• Basal (on but low expression)• High (on and activated expression)when grown in either lactose only or glucose only media. Also indicate the cell’s overall growth phenotype (lac+ or lac-) when grown in lactose only and why you expect that phenotype (provide “why” for ONLY THREE of the mutants). ***Recall that a bacterial cell needs at least one functional copy of lacZ AND lacY expressed at high levels to producean overall growth phenotype of lac+ when grown in lactose only media. Lac Mutant CAP bindingsite Expression inlactose only Expression inglucose only Phenotype in lactose only I+ P+ O+ Z- Y+ / I- P+ O+ Z+ Y- WT Why?: Why?: Why?: Why?: Why?: I+ P+ O+ Z- Y- / I+ P- O+ Z+ Y+ WT Why?: Why?: Why?: Why?: Why?: I+ P+ O+ Z- Y+ / I+ P+ OC Z- Y+ WT Why?: Why?: Why?: Why?: Why?: IS P+ O+ Z+ Y- / I- P+ O+ Z+…
Given the Table below concerning the lac operon, match the letter with what would be occurring for each scenario. Repressor is bound to the operator, cAMP complex is bound and transcription is prevented. Allolactose is bound to the repressor, cAMP complex is bound, and transcription is prevalent. Allolactose is bound to the repressor, cAMP complex is not assembled, and transcription is slow Repressor is bound to the operator, cAMP complex is not assembled, and transcription is prevented.
2. Assume you have identified a new operon in bacteria (which you call the suc operon) that encodes enzymes required for catabolism of the sugar sucrose. The structural genes that are required to breakdown sucrose are transcribed from a promoter (Psuc). One of these enzymes is encoded by the sucS gene. Expression of the operon is controlled by a regulator, called SucR, which binds to an operator (0). Using your knowledge of the lac operon, interpret the results of the following experiments (Table 1) to propose a model describing how the sucrose operon might be regulated. Cell genotype Production of SucS enzyme Without sucrose With sucrose R* o* p* s* R O* p* s* R* O P* s* ++ -- -- -- --- -- RO* p* s* / R* o* p* s R° O* p* s ++ -- ++ ++ Table 1. Production of SucS enzyme in various strains. "-" in the cell genotype indicates a loss of function mutation, "+" indicates wild type function, two genotypes separated by a/ indicate a merodiploid or partial diploid. R° is a mutant version of…
1. The lactose operon is controlled by both lactose and glucose. Fill in the following table to indicate what would be occurring under different cellular conditions Lactose absent present absent present Glucose Operon Activity (high/low) absent absent present present low high 10W high CAMP Repressor (bound/free) (high/low) bound free buind will high high low CAP (bound/free) bound free full
2. Assume you have identified a new operon in bacteria (which you call the suc operon) that encodes enzymes required for catabolism of the sugar sucrose. The structural genes that are required to breakdown sucrose are transcribed from a promoter (Psuc). One of these enzymes is encoded by the sucS gene. Expression of the operon is controlled by a regulator, called SucR, which binds to an operator (O). Using your knowledge of the lac operon, interpret the results of the following experiments (Table 1) to propose a model describing how the sucrose operon might be regulated. Cell genotype Production of SucS enzyme Without sucrose With sucrose R* O* P* s* R O* p* s* ++ R* O P* S* -- RO* p* s* / R* Oʻ p* 5 R° O* p* S ++ -- ++ ++ Table 1. Production of SucS enzyme in various strains. “-" in the cell genotype indicates a loss of function mutation, “+" indicates wild type function, two genotypes separated by a / indicate a merodiploid or partial diploid. R° is a mutant version of SucR that…
Like the lac operon, the hexose operon is controlled by a separate regulatory protein under the control of its own promoter (see the schematic of the operon below). The hexose regulatory protein is sensitive to fatty acyl CoA levels. When all hexose fuel sources are depleted, the bacteria switch to lipid metabolism and fatty acyl CoA levels increase. This turns expression of the hexose operon off. +1 +1 Regulatory Gene P regulator Hexose Operon Genes operon regulator promoter operon promoter e. The regulatory protein that controls expression of the hexose operons is a transcriptional ACTIVTOR or REPRESSOR (circle one).
Explain how the lac operon is regulated under the following conditions. Include the following terms in your answers: Repressor, Operator, RNA polymerase, CAP site, CAP protein, Promoter A. Lactose and glucose are both present. B. Lactose and glucose are both absent. C. Lactose is present and glucose is absent.
1. Please tell me: What's a mutation in moleculer terms? 2. When a mutation deletes a base in genomic DNA, how does it affect the expression product production and reading frame? 3. How does induction control enzyme synthesis using lactose operon?
28. Which statement does NOT explain why the lac operon would not be effectively regulated by an attenuation mechanism like the trp operon? 1.Lactose is a substrate for the lac operon protein products. 2.Products of lac operon enzymes are not used in protein synthesis. 3.Transcription and translation do not happen simultaneously for the lac operon. 4.Attenuation is a suitable regulatory mechanism for anabolic amino acid pathways. 5.All of these statements explain why regulation by attenuation would not be effective for the lac operon.
Like the lac operon, the hexose operon is controlled by a separate regulatory protein under the control of its own promoter (see the schematic of the operon below). The hexose regulatory protein is sensitive to fatty acyl CoA levels. When all hexose fuel sources are depleted, the bacteria switch to lipid metabolism and fatty acyl CoA levels increase. This turns expression of the hexose operon off. +1 +1 Regulatory Gene Pregulator P operon Hexose Operon Genes regulator promoter operon promoter
3. Explain why catabolite repression is used in regulating the lac operon and describe how it fine-tunes B-galactosidase synthesis. 4. Compare the control of gene regulation in eukaryotes and prokaryotes in terms of: a. transcription b. regulatory mechanisms and its components

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