5. There are four genes in the FAK operon. a. How many mRNAs are encoded by this operon? b. The FAK operon has a weak promoter, where RNA polymerase does not bind well. What type of molecule could directly help RNA polymerase to bind more tightly to this promoter? i. An inducer ii. An activator iii. A promoter iv. A repressor V. A ligand

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5. There are four genes in the FAK operon.  
   a. How many mRNAs are encoded by this operon?

   b. The FAK operon has a weak promoter, where RNA polymerase does not bind well. What type of molecule could directly help RNA polymerase to bind more tightly to this promoter?  
      i. An inducer  
      ii. An activator  
      iii. A promoter  
      iv. A repressor  
      v. A ligand  

6. Consider the Lac operon of *E. coli*, which is normally expressed only when lactose is present and glucose absent. You identify a mutant strain of bacteria in which LacZ, LacY, and LacA are expressed in the absence of glucose, whether or not lactose is present.  

   a. Assume that one mutation causes this mis-regulation. Which interaction must be disrupted by this mutation?  
      i. Interaction between RNA polymerase and the lac promoter  
      ii. Interaction between LacI protein and the lac operator (its binding site)  
      iii. Interaction between CRP and cAMP  
      iv. Interaction between CRP-cAMP (aka CAP) at its binding site adjacent to lac operon  
      v. Interaction between LacI protein and lactose  
      vi. Interaction between LacZ protein and lactose  

   b. If the mutation is in a cis-acting factor, where is it located in the bacterial genome?  
      i. It must be close to the origin of replication  
      ii. It must be far from the lac operon  
      iii. It must be close to the lac promoter  
      iv. It could be anywhere  

   c. If the mutation causes this effect is in a protein-coding gene, will adding a wildtype copy of that gene, at a random location in the genome of the mutant bacteria, restore normal regulation?  
      i. Yes, as long as it can be expressed  
      ii. No, not unless it is randomly added exactly in its usual location in the genome  

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Transcribed Image Text:--- 5. There are four genes in the FAK operon. a. How many mRNAs are encoded by this operon? b. The FAK operon has a weak promoter, where RNA polymerase does not bind well. What type of molecule could directly help RNA polymerase to bind more tightly to this promoter? i. An inducer ii. An activator iii. A promoter iv. A repressor v. A ligand 6. Consider the Lac operon of *E. coli*, which is normally expressed only when lactose is present and glucose absent. You identify a mutant strain of bacteria in which LacZ, LacY, and LacA are expressed in the absence of glucose, whether or not lactose is present. a. Assume that one mutation causes this mis-regulation. Which interaction must be disrupted by this mutation? i. Interaction between RNA polymerase and the lac promoter ii. Interaction between LacI protein and the lac operator (its binding site) iii. Interaction between CRP and cAMP iv. Interaction between CRP-cAMP (aka CAP) at its binding site adjacent to lac operon v. Interaction between LacI protein and lactose vi. Interaction between LacZ protein and lactose b. If the mutation is in a cis-acting factor, where is it located in the bacterial genome? i. It must be close to the origin of replication ii. It must be far from the lac operon iii. It must be close to the lac promoter iv. It could be anywhere c. If the mutation causes this effect is in a protein-coding gene, will adding a wildtype copy of that gene, at a random location in the genome of the mutant bacteria, restore normal regulation? i. Yes, as long as it can be expressed ii. No, not unless it is randomly added exactly in its usual location in the genome ---
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