3. Why is it not possible to fill all the tetrahedral holes in the HCP unit cell?

HCP is the abbreviation for hexagonal close packing. HCP has tetrahedral as well as octahedral void.…

Answered: 3. Why is it not possible to fill all…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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3. а) The haemoglobin molecule is designed to transport oxygen around the body. With reference to the different levels of organization of polypeptides explain how this molecule achieves its function. • Both starch and cellulose are polymers made up of glucose molecules. They are found in plants but serve different functions in the plant. In no more than 200 words: identify the function of starch and cellulose in plants. explain how glucose is able to form these compounds. relate the structures you have described above to their function(s).
2. Consider the coil-helix transition in a polypeptide chain. Let s be the relative weight for an H after an H, and as the relative weight for an H after a C. H and C refer to monomers in the helical or coil states, respectively. These equations may be useful: Z3 = 1+ 30s + 2os² + o²s² + σs³ Obtain the probability of 2 H's for the trimer case. Why is a <<<1? b)
4. Given the concentration of glucose-6- phosphate is 2.1 x 10-4M what would the concentration of fructose-6-phosphate have to be for the cell to be at equilibrium?
1. All oxygen inhaled by animals and transported around their bodies is destined for specific locations in the body. Once oxygen reaches protein complex IV of the electron transport chain (ETC) it begins its vital task of pulling electrons away from protein complex IV. In short, a set of chain reactions are triggered at protein complex IV. From here 2 electrons are taken from complex III, which then takes two electrons from complex II, or l. a) Use a diagram and your own words to describe how a proton-motive force created by the ETC generates ATP. Make sure you label your diagram correctly and include; inner mitochondrial membrane, hydrogen ions, ADP, P, intermembrane space, ATP synthase, mitochondrial matrix, and ATP.
4. If the standard reduction potential for NAD+ to NADH is -0.320 V at pH 7 and the standard reduction potential for two protons to molecular hydrogen at pH 7 is -0.414, what is AG°' for a reaction that uses NADH and a proton to produce molecular hydrogen?
2. Phospholipases (PL) are enzymes that hydrolyzes PLA1 phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic substances. Different class of phospholipase cleaves different bond in a phospholipid molecule. Shown on the right are the cleavage sites of four classes of PL: PLA1, PLA2, PLC, and PLD. R1 R2 -O-P-'·O-R3 (a) Write down the reaction of phosphatidylcholine (PC) cleaved by PLA2. Suppose the two acyl groups are R1 and R2 as shown in the figure. Make sure the chiral carbons in the reactions have the right stereochemistry (i.e., use wedge-dash notation), and the charges on the atoms reflect the molecule in neutral pH. PLA2 PLC PLD (b) Which PL is needed in order to release choline for salvage? (c) What is the structure and name of the remaining molecule after cleaving PC by the PL in (b) and releasing choline. No need to use wedge-dash notation. (d) The molecule in (c) can be used to synthesize triacylglycerol. Write down the reactions, including the enzymes and cofactors. Assume the…
14. Two ribosomal sub-units have sedimentation coefficients of S1 = 60 S and S2 = 40 S. Assuming that both sub-units have spherical shapes and their densities are equal, calculate an approximate ratio of their molecular weights (MW1/MW2) from their S values. SOLUTION:
4. The interaction of Vitamin D3 with lipid membranes may be studied using different techniques. One approach is to evaluate its effect on the thermotropic phase transition of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) multilamellar vesicles using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). H HO Vitamin D3 (a) Briefly describe a method for the preparation of multilamellar vesicles. (b) Define the term thermotropic phase transition and describe the main transition exhibited by lipid bilayers.
1. When bacteria growing well at 30°C are cooled to 20°C, which of the following membrane lipids are they most likely to synthesize, membrane lipids with saturated or unsaturated fatty acids? Explain.
10. In the Haworth projection, the carbon that is connected to 2 oxygen atoms is a) chiral carbon b) anomeric carbon c) carbocation d) penultimate carbon
10. How many reducing ends are in a molecule of potato amylopectin that contains 500,000 residues with a branch every 250 residues? Explain your answer.
4 8. Rotenone is a chemical that naturally occurs in plants. It is a broad-spectrum poison, meaning it is toxic to many types of organisms, including fish, insects, and other pests. Rotenone inhibits the transfer of electrons from one electron transport chain complex to another (complex I to ubiquinone). a. Would you expect rotenone poisoning to affect the following molecules (yes or no)? If so, would you expect them in increase or decrease? Molecule Acetyl-CoA ATP NADH Will levels change? (Yes or no) Yes No yes If yes, will the levels increase or decrease?

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