(a) Write down the reaction of phosphatidylcholine (PC) cleaved by PLA2. Suppose the two acyl groups are R1 and R2 as shown in the figure. Make sure the chiral carbons in the reactions have the right stereochemistry (i.e., use wedge-dash notation), and the charges on the atoms reflect the molecule in neutral pH.
(a) Write down the reaction of phosphatidylcholine (PC) cleaved by PLA2. Suppose the two acyl groups are R1 and R2 as shown in the figure. Make sure the chiral carbons in the reactions have the right stereochemistry (i.e., use wedge-dash notation), and the charges on the atoms reflect the molecule in neutral pH.
Biochemistry
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ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
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Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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![### Educational Content on Phospholipases (PL)
**2.** Phospholipases (PL) are enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic substances. Different classes of phospholipases cleave different bonds in a phospholipid molecule. Shown on the right are the cleavage sites for four classes of PL: PLA1, PLA2, PLC, and PLD.
[Insert Diagram Description]
The diagram shows a phospholipid molecule with four labeled cleavage sites:
- **PLA1**: Cleaves the acyl chain at the first position.
- **PLA2**: Cleaves the acyl chain at the second position.
- **PLC**: Cleaves the phosphate group and the head group.
- **PLD**: Cleaves the head group after the phosphate.
#### Problem Set:
**(a)** Write down the reaction of phosphatidylcholine (PC) cleaved by PLA2. Suppose the two acyl groups are R1 and R2 as shown in the figure. Make sure the chiral carbons in the reactions have the right stereochemistry (i.e., use wedge-dash notation), and the charges on the atoms reflect the molecule in neutral pH.
**(b)** Which PL is needed in order to release choline for salvage?
**(c)** What is the structure and name of the remaining molecule after cleaving PC by the PL in (b) and releasing choline? No need to use wedge-dash notation.
**(d)** The molecule in (c) can be used to synthesize triacylglycerol. Write down the reactions, including the enzymes and cofactors. Assume the additional fatty acid is R4COOH. No need to use wedge-dash notation.
---
This problem set challenges the comprehension of enzymatic cleavage of phospholipids and the synthesis of important biological molecules. The detailed breakdown and chemical reactions involved provide a comprehensive understanding of lipid metabolism, critical for advanced studies in biochemistry and molecular biology.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F24b1d657-8a50-4e7c-90a8-6e71b5a64daf%2Fcffa0e51-93a8-487f-8ae4-42231d41a2f9%2Fh8btio_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Educational Content on Phospholipases (PL)
**2.** Phospholipases (PL) are enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic substances. Different classes of phospholipases cleave different bonds in a phospholipid molecule. Shown on the right are the cleavage sites for four classes of PL: PLA1, PLA2, PLC, and PLD.
[Insert Diagram Description]
The diagram shows a phospholipid molecule with four labeled cleavage sites:
- **PLA1**: Cleaves the acyl chain at the first position.
- **PLA2**: Cleaves the acyl chain at the second position.
- **PLC**: Cleaves the phosphate group and the head group.
- **PLD**: Cleaves the head group after the phosphate.
#### Problem Set:
**(a)** Write down the reaction of phosphatidylcholine (PC) cleaved by PLA2. Suppose the two acyl groups are R1 and R2 as shown in the figure. Make sure the chiral carbons in the reactions have the right stereochemistry (i.e., use wedge-dash notation), and the charges on the atoms reflect the molecule in neutral pH.
**(b)** Which PL is needed in order to release choline for salvage?
**(c)** What is the structure and name of the remaining molecule after cleaving PC by the PL in (b) and releasing choline? No need to use wedge-dash notation.
**(d)** The molecule in (c) can be used to synthesize triacylglycerol. Write down the reactions, including the enzymes and cofactors. Assume the additional fatty acid is R4COOH. No need to use wedge-dash notation.
---
This problem set challenges the comprehension of enzymatic cleavage of phospholipids and the synthesis of important biological molecules. The detailed breakdown and chemical reactions involved provide a comprehensive understanding of lipid metabolism, critical for advanced studies in biochemistry and molecular biology.
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