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- 5. Draw the structures showing the different protonation states of Asp, and indicate their net charges. Then, compute its pl (isoelectric point).2. Mixtures of amino acids can be analyzed by first separating the mixture into its components through ion-exchange chromatography. Amino acids placed on a cation-exchange resin containing sulfonate (-SO₁) groups flow down the column at different rates because of two factors that influence their movement: (1) ionic attraction between the sulfonate residues on the column and positively charged functional groups on the amino acids, and (2) hydrophobic interactions between amino acid side chains and the strongly hydrophobic backbone of the polystyrene resin. For each pair of amino acids listed, determine which will be eluted first from the cation-exchange column by a pH 7.0 buffer. (a) Asp and Ly, (b) Arg and Met, (c) Glu and Val, (d) Gly and Leu, (e) Ser and Ala2. The gastric juice in your stomach lumen has a pH of 2. The acidity of this "juice" is due to the secretion of H* into the lumen by epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa. Epithelial cells have an internal pH of 7 and a membrane potential of -60 mV (inside is negative) at 37°C. A) Calculate the free energy change associated with the secretion of 1 mole of H¨ into gastric juice at 37°C.
- 13. Calculate the equilibrium constant K'eg, for each of the following reactions at pH 7.0 and 25°C. glucose + Pi a. Glucose 6-phosphate + H20 enz. Glucose 6-phosphatase; AG'O=-13.8kJ/mol1. Draw the structures of the 20 biologically active AA. Under each structure, write the name, one-letter code, and three-letter code followed by the AA classification based on polarity.Table 2: Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity pH Absorbance 2 0.05 4 0.35 6 0.8 8 0.5 10 0.4 12 0.1 Use the above data table to complete the following questions: a) Plot the data “pH Vs Abs” using “connect the data point type of graph”. Label the graph with dependent and independent variables where they should be. Provide a title for the graph. b) Over what pH range does catechol oxidase catalyze catechol to benoquinone? c) Explain why the graph has a bell-shaped curve.
- 15. Antacid pills neutralize the hydrochloric acid in your stomach to limit acid reflux. Antacid pills are composed of calcium carbonate, and react with hydrochloric acid to produce calcium chloride, water and carbon dioxide gas. a. Write a balanced equation for this reaction. b. What mass of hydrochloric acid can theoretically be neutralized by 1.50 grams of antacid pills (assume the pills are 100% calcium carbonate)? If the percent yield of this reaction is 84%, what mass of carbon dioxide was produced by the 1.50 grams of antacid pills? C.1. Calculate the pH of a 0.05 M solution of HCl. 2. Calculate the pH of a 0.1 M solution of NaOH. 3. Calculate the pH of an acetic acid solution in which [CH3COO - ] = 0.037 M and [CH3COOH] = 0.044 M. (pKa = 4.76) 4. You are conducting a biochemical experiment with an enzyme that has optimal activity at pH = 10.00. You decide to use carbonate (pKa1 = 6.38, pKa2 = 10.30) as the buffer to keep the pH stable throughout the enzymatic reaction. (Recall that the formula for carbonic acid is H2CO3.) You prepare a 0.5 M solution of carbonate buffer at pH = 10.00. Calculate the concentrations of the major carbonate species in your solution. 5. Calculate the pH of the buffer solution in which [H3PO4] = 0.038 M and [H2PO4 - ] = 0.046 M (pKa1 = 2.12, pKa2 = 7.21, pKa3 = 12.32). 6. Add 5.0 mL of 0.1 M NaOH to 80 mL of buffer from question 5 and calculate the pH.7. · In the space provided, sketch a titration curve (pH vs H+ ions dissociated) of a phosphate buffer shown below. The pKa of H2PO4 is 7.0. H,PO, НРО, + 9. 8. 7 pH 3 1.0 0.5 H+ dissociated --> b. What is the effective buffering range of this acid? At what pH will you have 25% of the buffer in the form of H2PO4? с.
- For the following tetrapeptide: CKSWa. Draw its complete protonic equilibria. Indicate the net charge of each form and encircle the zwitterionic form. b. Give the full name of the tetrapeptide. c. Calculate its IpH. d. If the tetrapeptide was subjected to electrophoresis using a buffer solution at pH 7, at which electrode it will migrate?3. Consider the following acids and their dissociation constants: H:SO:(aq) + H20(1) = H:O-(aq) + HSOr(aq) Ka = 1.2 x 10-2 HS-(aq) + H2O(1) = H3O-(aq) + S(aq) Ka = 1.3 x 10-19 a) Which is the stronger acid, H:SOs or HS? b) What is the conjugate base of H2SO?? c) Which acid has the weaker conjugate base? d) Which acid has the stronger conjugate base? e) Which acid produces more ions?In a 0.1000 M acetic acid solution at 25 degrees celsius , the acid ionizes to the extent of about 1.34 %. Since each molecule of acetic acid which ionizes produces 1 H+ ion and 1 C2H3O2- ion, the concentration in the solution are: HC2H3O2 < -----------> H+ + C2H3O2-