2 of 501-4.IHO OKO ONDO OX 31H₂C-O1. HC-O-H₂C-OO=O=0=JONDO3.\ 4.write your answer here2.Following lipase-mediated separation of the three fatty acids, they are each activated throughattachment to CoA and transported into the mitochondrial matrix.What is the expected total yield of ATP following complete ß-oxidation of the fatty acid labelled 3 in theimage within the mitochondrial matrix?(Your answer should be a number, without any other text. E.g.: 2)I(Note, the fatty acid is already within the mitochondrial matrix. You should only consider the ATP yieldfrom the direct steps of B-oxidation as well as that of the citric acid cycle and oxidativephosphorylation.)00[

Beta oxidation of fatty acids is a metabolic process that breaks down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA,…

Answered: 1-4. H₂C-O O 0=0=0= 1. HC-0 H₂C-O 3. 4.…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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15.13) The NADH that is produced by glycolysis is not able to pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane to enter the matrix region and undergo oxidative phosphorylation. Name the two processes in which the energy from NADH made in glycolysis can enter the mitochondrial matrix. ANSWER: 1) malate-aspartate shuttle 2) glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle EXPLANATION: Oxidative phosphorylation requires that NADH be located within the mitochondrial matrix. Since pyruvate oxidation/decarboxylation and the reactions of the citric acid cycle occur in the mitochondrial matrix, the NADH created in those processes can immediately undergo oxidative phosphorylation. The NADH that is produced by glycolysis is able to pass through the outer mitochondrial membrane and enter the intermembrane space; however, it is not able to pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane to enter the matrix region. In order for the energy from this NADH to be utilized, it must be processed through "NADH shuttles." The two…
Palmitoleic acid, 16:1Δ⁹ hexadecaenoic acid, (16 carbon FA with one double bond )is an important fatty acid component of TAGs and cell membranes. Briefly explain the process of beta oxidation of this fatty acid and the number (only) of FADH, NADH and acetyl CoA outcome. What is the total ATP (only number) generated from this fatty acid after beta oxidation.
Fatty acid oxidation for energy yield occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, and for palmitate as one example, generates [FADN2, NADH, and Acetyle-CoA or FADH, GTP, and NADPH] , all of which can be converted to ATP (108 of them to be exact) via oxidative phosphorylation. This is a [greater or smaller] yield of ATP per carbon atom compared to glucose. Ketogenesis is a process where acetyl-CoA (including that from breakdown of fatty acids) is converted to ketone bodies under conditions where carbohydrates are [in excess or liminting] . Acetoacetate and D-beta-hydroxybutyrate are delivered from liver to the blood stream where they provide energy for [cardiac and skeletal muscle as well as brain or synthesis of glycogen] . [Insulin or glucagon] promotes ketogenesis by stimulating fatty acid export from adipose tissue.
1 2 points Order the following TCA cycle metabolites in the order they are produced in one turn of the citric acid cycle. Not all answers will be used. 2 1 4 3 TI Isocitrate Citrate Lactate Pyruvate Oxaloacetate Isocitrate Succinyl-CoA Aconitate 3-Phosphoglycerate -DO
1- Alternative name(s) of the propionyl CoA carboxylase enzyme 2- The EC number of propionyl CoA carboxylase enzyme 3- Name of metabolic reaction/pathway in which the propionyl CoA carboxylase enzyme is involved (ie; what is the enzyme doing/function in the cell - maximum two sentences)
trace the position of the elctron as this glucose molecule proceeds through glycolsis and two turns of the citric acid cycle
How many molecules of ATP are generated by the complete mitochondrial beta oxidation of the unsaturated fatty acid nervonic acid (24:1), also known as 15-tertrasenoic acid (ie, it has a cis-delta 15 double bond). Which enzyme is required in the beta oxidation of nervonic acid that is not required for beta oxidation of lignoceric acid? and what reaction does this enzyme catalyze?
In the complete b-oxidation of stearic acid (18:0) What is the total ATP produced in the citric acid cycle? How many moles of NADH are produced?
ATP is synthesized from ADP, P, and a proton on the matrix side of the in- ner mitochondrial membrane. We will refer to the matrix side as the "inside" of the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). (a) H* transport from the outside of the IMM into the matrix drives this process. The pH inside the matrix is 8.2, and the outside is more acidic by 0.8 pH units. Assuming the IMM membrane potential is 168 mV (inside negative), calculate AG for the transport of 1 mol of H* across the IMM into the matrix at 37 °C: Houtside) Hinside) (b) Assume three mol H* must be translocated to synthesize one mol ATP by coupling of the following reactions: ADP + P, + Hinskde) ATP + H,O(ATP synthesis) 3Hinside)(proton transport) 3Houtside)
9. The equation below depicts the first step of the citric acid cycle. H0 CoA-SH CH-C + 0=C-CO0 HO C-COO citrate s-COA ČH2-COO synthase ČH2 -CO0 Citrate Acetyl-CoA Oxaloacetate AG" = -32.2 kJ/mol a) Explain the chemical conversions that take place during this step. b) Why is this reaction energetically favorable? Explain.
Mitochondria were isolated from a rat heart. Figure 4 shows the relationship between palmitoyl carnithine I activity (determined by [H] palmitoyl carnithine production) and the concentration of malonyl CoA. Using this result explain the effect of malonyl CoA on fatty acid breakdown. 10 10 15 2.0 2.5 Malonyl CoA (uM) Figure 4 ['H]palmitoyl carnitine production (nmol/min/mg protein)
Can someone please show the mechanism of this reaction and explain the color change.

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