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What is the net gain in ATP for ß-oxidation of palmitic acid (a sixteen-carbon fatty acid)?

What is the net gain in ATP for ß-oxidation of palmitic acid (a sixteen-carbon fatty acid)?

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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15.22) What is the net gain in ATP for B-oxidation of palmitic acid (a sixteen-carbon fatty acid)? ANSWER: 107 ATP EXPLANATION: First, palmitic acid is activated to produce a 16-carbon fatty acyl-CoA. The activation step consumes one ATP. A 16-carbon fatty acyl-CoA will undergo seven ß-oxidation spirals. Each of the first six spirals of ß-oxidation produces one acetyl-CoA, one NADH, and one FADH₂. The final cycle of the spiral produces two acetyl-CoA, one NADH, and one FADH₂. The acetyl-CoA are processed through the citric acid cycle, producing ATP and more reduced coenzymes. The NADH, and FADH₂ formed in ß- oxidation, and the NADH, and FADH₂ formed in the citric acid cycle undergo oxidative phosphorylation. Because one ATP was consumed in the activation reaction, it is subtracted when calculating the net gain of ATP. ß- oxidation of a sixteen-carbon fatty acid, on average, results in a net gain of 107 ATP. fatty acyl-CoA with 16 carbons CHÍCH CHỊCHỊCHÍCHÍCHÍCH CHÍHACHCHANH CÁCH CỦA fatty acyl-CoA with 4 carbons fatty acyl-CoA with 14 carbons CHÍCHÍCH-CH-CHCHCH;CH;CHCH-CH;CH,CH–CA fatty acyl-CoA with 10 carbons CHÍCHÍCH CHCH_CH,CH,CH,CH C–CaA For more details: See chapter 15 part 11 video or fatty acyl-CoA with 8 carbons CHCHCH,CH,CH,CH,CH,C—CoA fatty acyl-CoA with 6 carbons CH,CH-CH:CH-CH₂C-Cas acetyl-CoA fatty acyl-CoA with 12 carbons CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH_CH,CH,CH,CH,C–CoA | CH₂CH₂CH₂C-COA -‒‒‒‒‒ Total: 8 acetyl-CoA Citric Acid Cycle Subtract one ATP that was used in the activation reaction 8 ATP 22.5 ATP 0 77.5 ATP -1 ATP acetyl-CoA FADH₂ acetyl-CoA FADH₂ + NADH NADH acetyl-CoA FADH₂ NADH acetyl-CoA FADH₂ + NADH acetyl-CoA + FADH₂ + NADH i acetyl-CoA + FADH₂ NADH acetyl-CoA FADH₂ + NADH 1.5 ATP 1 FADH₂ Totals: Oxidative Phosphorylation 15 FADH₂ 31 NADH 2.5 ATP 1 NADH 8 FADH₂ + 24 NADH
Transcribed Image Text:15.22) What is the net gain in ATP for B-oxidation of palmitic acid (a sixteen-carbon fatty acid)? ANSWER: 107 ATP EXPLANATION: First, palmitic acid is activated to produce a 16-carbon fatty acyl-CoA. The activation step consumes one ATP. A 16-carbon fatty acyl-CoA will undergo seven ß-oxidation spirals. Each of the first six spirals of ß-oxidation produces one acetyl-CoA, one NADH, and one FADH₂. The final cycle of the spiral produces two acetyl-CoA, one NADH, and one FADH₂. The acetyl-CoA are processed through the citric acid cycle, producing ATP and more reduced coenzymes. The NADH, and FADH₂ formed in ß- oxidation, and the NADH, and FADH₂ formed in the citric acid cycle undergo oxidative phosphorylation. Because one ATP was consumed in the activation reaction, it is subtracted when calculating the net gain of ATP. ß- oxidation of a sixteen-carbon fatty acid, on average, results in a net gain of 107 ATP. fatty acyl-CoA with 16 carbons CHÍCH CHỊCHỊCHÍCHÍCHÍCH CHÍHACHCHANH CÁCH CỦA fatty acyl-CoA with 4 carbons fatty acyl-CoA with 14 carbons CHÍCHÍCH-CH-CHCHCH;CH;CHCH-CH;CH,CH–CA fatty acyl-CoA with 10 carbons CHÍCHÍCH CHCH_CH,CH,CH,CH C–CaA For more details: See chapter 15 part 11 video or fatty acyl-CoA with 8 carbons CHCHCH,CH,CH,CH,CH,C—CoA fatty acyl-CoA with 6 carbons CH,CH-CH:CH-CH₂C-Cas acetyl-CoA fatty acyl-CoA with 12 carbons CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH_CH,CH,CH,CH,C–CoA | CH₂CH₂CH₂C-COA -‒‒‒‒‒ Total: 8 acetyl-CoA Citric Acid Cycle Subtract one ATP that was used in the activation reaction 8 ATP 22.5 ATP 0 77.5 ATP -1 ATP acetyl-CoA FADH₂ acetyl-CoA FADH₂ + NADH NADH acetyl-CoA FADH₂ NADH acetyl-CoA FADH₂ + NADH acetyl-CoA + FADH₂ + NADH i acetyl-CoA + FADH₂ NADH acetyl-CoA FADH₂ + NADH 1.5 ATP 1 FADH₂ Totals: Oxidative Phosphorylation 15 FADH₂ 31 NADH 2.5 ATP 1 NADH 8 FADH₂ + 24 NADH
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