PSY444 FPMS3 6-1 Teach review EDIT

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Hillsborough Community College *

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444

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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1 Draft of Discussion Ryan Norris Department of Psychology: Southern New Hampshire University PSY 444: Final Project MS3: Draft of Discussion Dr. Clark. B, Professor April 11, 2021
2 Draft of Discussion Discussion It is expected that research provided will clearly shows how crime and drugs are connected and the impact that they have on our society. Factors to be examined that should clearly show the statistical prevalence of drugs and their involvement with crime. The Bureau of Justice Statistics (Mumola & Karberg) and Criminal Justice Drug Facts (NIDA, 2020) are two of these resources supporting this claim. Noticeable inferences of the impact of drugs and the connection of crime can be made from the statistics. Over half of federal inmates have been reported as being involved with drugs at the time of arrest. Racial backgrounds, culture divisions and educational boundaries have contributed to these problems for years. Maps that show arrest for drug involvement per state are examples of supporting evidence that shows the catastrophic impact of drugs on crime (AAC, 2019). Sources like these are vital to help elaborate with the explanation of understanding the impact that drugs are playing on a statewide basis. The American Addiction Center helps identify drug usage and the areas most involved. This resource breaks down the information by categories such as, those eighteen and above, juveniles below eighteen, ethnicity and even gender along with geographical location of infraction. The gathering of this research is not all inclusive. There are many factors that are not discussed. What is the cause of the drug usage? Are there more vulnerable age groups? Each of these methods of gathering information is a combination of understanding. Research does lack a sense of elaboration. Most of the research that accesses statistical data is based solely on marijuana ( Phillips, 2012). More research would need to be completed to understand the connection of violence, crime, and drugs, more specifically what drugs are eliciting heinous
3 Draft of Discussion crimes. What is not discussed are drugs that have a more complicated compound of chemicals and the crime that is committed on these types of substances. Drugs make over 66% of the nation’s crime and these differentiations are not made (FBI, 2019). The research does not conclude circumstantial reasons for minors and their drug use. Discerning those abusing the drug is crucial to adequately comprehending the statistics provided. Questions remain to be examined such as, “are the drugs illegally obtained?”, “are they prescription?”, “is the abuse intended suicide or pleasure?”, “what peer pressure is involved with drug use?”. The law does not take into consideration the reason a person consumes drugs or their motivation to get clean. Our justice system is not meant to handle reform, nor is it adequately equipped to do so. Our prison systems perpetuate drug use just as bad as outside of prison. Reviewing research from the FBI database and Federal Bureau of Prisons, longitudinal research has discovered drugs play a vital role in our justice system. Criminals involved with drugs make up 85% of those incarcerated (NIDA, 2020). Participants were chosen to support an Analysis of Variance, (ANOVA) test. A two-way ANOVA test had participants; police, victims, and criminals as a variable and individuals using and not using drugs as another variable. Those not using drugs were issued the same surveys those using drugs were. The ANOVA test examining crimes committed and those convicted in connection with drugs will show statistical significance. Other areas of improvement are the ability of dissecting which drug or substance is utilized with each varying crime. Crimes committed are reported unjustly of the urban and underprivileged individuals (Hutton, 2012). As these crimes are reported they are solely categorized by drug or substance use. There are no clarifications made as to the substance abused. Most convictions come as illegal or legal controlled substance, but the substance is not
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4 Draft of Discussion listed on the charges therefore research is unable to differentiate between substances (Nolo, 2014). These classifications are of utmost importance if we truly want to help these individuals become sober and contributing members of society instead of drains on our economy. Participants were selected randomly by self-identification as a criminal, law enforcement or victim of a drug related crime. By seeking a diverse and inclusive group to survey this will help the analysis reach a broad group. Gathering evidence of juvenile drugs use and crime supports the research question “what group is sensitive and vulnerable to this impression of drugs and crime?”. With varying methods each circumstance and scenario led to the same conclusion. Where drugs are involved, crime will incur. These results are congruent with the hypothesis that majority of crime comes from those individuals with involvement of drugs. When the drug pandemic is under control then and only then can a solution begin to be implemented. Until sufficient programs, medical facilities and interventions opportunities are supplied the cycle will perpetuate. These factors play a role in how well our justice system is preforming. When 85% of those incarcerated, in America, have had some sort of involvement with drugs it is easy to understand that drugs are truly the most dangerous substance in our society (NIDA, 2020). If proper programs, relapse prevention, accountability centers and medical facilities were established, the crime in this country would plumet. Individuals must be educated on the true, presence and impact of drugs.
5 Draft of Discussion References: FBI (Ed.). (2019). Persons arrested. https://ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u.s/2018/crime-in-the-u.s.-2018/topic-pages/persons-arrested Hutton, F. (2012). Review of Drugs, crime and public health and The drug effect: Health, crime and society.  Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology 45 (2), 274–278. https://doi-org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1177/0004865812443770 Mumola, C. J., & Karberg, J. C. (2006). Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). https://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=778 NIDA. (2020). Criminal Justice Drug Facts. https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/criminal-justice Nolo (Ed.). (2014).  Drug Laws and Drug Crimes . www.nolo.com. https://www.nolo.com/legal- encyclopedia/drug-laws-drug-crimes-32252.html Phillips M. D. (2012). Assessing the Impact of Drug Use and Drug Selling on Violent Offending in a Panel of Delinquent Youth.   Journal of drug issues ,   42 (3), 298–316. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022042612456017