Week 6 - Summative Assessment - Executive Functioning - Problem Solving HF

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Summative Assessment: Executive Functioning: Problem-Solving By: Henry Ford Jr. Psych/644 Instructor: Dr. Michell McGuire 10.17.2023

The hiring process for any company or business, can be tedious if not properly thought-out prior to soliciting for new employees. Understanding the initial aspect of what the company needs are, will help in the development of a job requirements listing. Much of the hiring process depends on the type of interview that takes place with the potential candidates of the function. The main requirement from a recruitment standpoint is knowing what you are looking for and then determining who best fits the job description and the recruitment confidence level. Job requirements help for preliminary determinations to be made and minimizes the amount of time that is dedicated to researching and sourcing different prospects. Most interviewers also understand that the interviewee is also determining whether the function is right for them, so the interview works in both ways. As a company highlights certain aspects of needed qualifications of a job, the candidate determines the attractiveness of the function and highlights their specific qualifications for the role or function. According to (Heinz, K., 2023) job requirements should include all the technical or ‘hard’ skills needed to carry out job responsibilities, as well as any ‘soft’ or interpersonal skills that are valuable to the role. The technical skills required for a function are often call “Executive Functioning” skills. These skills are the primary elements give insight into planning ahead and meeting goals for the company, starting from the recruitment process. The best way to assess an individual’s executive functioning skills is to test them using different challenges. These challenges will most likely be in the form of challenging their skills to understanding their cognition and problem-solving abilities. Being able to pay attention, start and complete tasks, and shifting focus from one task to another are some of the key functions that executive

functioning testing assesses. Understanding distractions and being able to effectively work with others is also part of the workplace experience. For most people, self-awareness and self-regulation play a huge role in success within the workplace. According to (Engelbrecht, N. PhD, ND., RP 2018-2023) Executive function skills are mental processes that allow us to plan, focus our attention, recall instructions, juggle multiple tasks successful, and self-regulate. The overall goal in the hiring process is to ensure the candidate has dynamic decision-making skills within the workplace. The recruiter and interviewer should be prepared to ask certain questions to ensure that the candidate is an ideal fit for the position that is being applied for. There are certain problem-solving questions that can be asked to help determine competency. According to (Birt, J. 2023) Problem-solving interview questions are questions that employers ask related to the candidate’s ability to gather, data, analyze a problem, weigh the pros and cons and reach a logical decision. This is also known as an analytical skills interview. Companies often have certain guidelines to how they want a function worked, including daily tasks and goals that keep the company on track. All questions asked and information gathered give insight into determining if the position or function matches the potential employee or if that individual has the capacity to learn the new functions that come with the position. According to (Twort, C. & Mucklow, J. 2011) The traditional multiple true/false type of questions that ask candidates to identify all the correct statements listed, can assess knowledge and comprehension and is valuable for self-assessment as a guide to gaps in one’s knowledge, but limited to these objectives. The exploratory data that is received to employers when there is feedback provided from the interview process, along with previous gathered information and research, helps determine

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position suitability. There are multiple examples of quality problem-solving questions that can be asked during an interview. According to research by (Breezy HR Inc., 2022) Examples of problem-solving interview questions:  Tell me about a project where you had to manage a cross-functional team.  Describe a situation where you succeeded in motivating team performance.  What is the most creative idea or project you’ve generated in your current role?  In what ways have you encouraged your work team to be more innovative?  Have you ever improved project workflows based on your analysis?  Have you ever had a deadline you weren’t able to mee? What happened?  Give an example of a time when you had to explain something complex to a frustrated client.  Talk about a time when you worked under extremely loose supervision. How did you handle that? The above interview questions are examples of informational data points that help an employe determine a viable source as far as new hire. The interview purpose and process are the gaining of potential candidates that can be resourceful to the company as well as limit the opportunity of turnovers. Interview questions are asked to an interviewee to select an employee who with identified skills in processing, planning, and completing everyday tasks. All of the interview questions tie into the skill requirements. However, for both the interviewer and the interviewee, there is always an opportunity to practice executive functioning skills as each interview and interaction brings a new lesson.

According to (Moberly, A., Patel, R., & Castellanos, I., 2017) Executive functioning refers to a group of high order neurocognitive skills responsible for behavioral and emotional regulation during goal-directed activities. Some companies have the option of using certain skill evaluation platforms to help quantify training material of current functions. Ensuring that the interview questions clearly articulate skills needed for a certain function, helps the training plan to be more comprehensive for new hires. Science and research tell us that it is never too late for an individual to build up their core capabilities. As adults we can develop and build the core skills needed to be productive participants within the workforce and within society. As we continue to grow in our development, we can pass skills on to the next generation of employees with the hopes of continuing the trend overall. Strengthening intentional self- regulation through training specific models, targets certain techniques that help to override automatic responses, such as identifying motivating goals. There will be continuous opportunity to improve our individual executive functioning. Often-times, the things that people learn come from the experiences that they have on a daily basis. The experiences then drive how we move in the future and impact certain cognitive behaviors. Planning ahead helps to keep for better organization. Being able to focus properly and then shift focus seamlessly when needed, is a key component of effective functioning. As businesses continue to improve in technology, resiliency, and operations, the expectation is continued growth in a better working memory.

References: 1. Kate Heinz (2023) How to Write Job Requirements. Retrieved on October 12, 2023 from, How To Write Job Requirements: Tips And Examples | Built In . 2. Dr. Natalie Engelbrecht ND RP (2018-2023) Executive Skills Questionnaire. Retrieved on October 16, 2023 from, Executive Skills Questionnaire | Embrace Autism (embrace- autism.com) . 3. Jamie Birt (2023) 8 Common Problem-Solving Interview Questions and Answers. Retrieved on October 17, 2023 from, 8 Common Problem-Solving Interview Questions and Answers | Indeed.com . 4. Twort, C., & Mucklow, J. (2011). How to write high-quality questions for high stakes examination. Clinical Medicine, 11 (3), 227-230. 5. Breezy HR Inc. (2022) The Problem-Solving Interview: 16 Questions for Better Hires. Retrieved on October 17, 2023 from, 16 Problem-Solving Interview Questions for Better Hires | Breezy HR . 6. Moberly, A., Patel, T., & Castellanos, I. (2018) Relations Between Self-reported Executive Functioning and Speech Perception Skills in Adult Cochlear Implant Users. Otology & Neurotology, 39 (2), 250-257. doi:10.1097/MAO.0000000000001679.

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