Week 3 - Ethical Implication of Privacy, Confidentiality, and Informed Consent HF

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1 Ethical Implications of Privacy, Confidentiality, and Informed Consent Henry Ford Jr. Psych/600 Instructor: Natasha Chung 11.10.2023

2 Social media can be a major benefit to athletes as far as communication but being able offset meeting even with geographical boundaries, can also become a hindrance, as well. Being able to come together on any platform for collaboration, including working outs, team building exercises, and other team meetings, is slightly easier as this can be done almost anywhere remotely versus having to be in person to attend a particular event. Some of the legal and ethical issues that can arise from using social media platforms are more related to the primary boundary of keeping personal and professional life separate and private. Confidentiality, privacy, and informed consent become a major issue when using these platforms, as certain aspect required a specific consent, in order to use. According to (Davis, 2022) Falling into the realms of social media can be the start of a landslide for any elite athlete, due to its design, additions can be easily formed, which is largely attributed to the dopamine-inducing social environment that social networking sites promote. The author of the case involving ‘Netball Scenario’ eludes that the social media platforms are beneficial in certain aspects of an athletic career but are not a one size fits all for both athletes and coaches alike (Magarit, Tonita, & Angelescu, 2018). Often it is hard for an outside party viewing Facebook to not already have a judgmental type of mindset as they so much information right in front of them on the platforms. One in five athletes use social media to make certain career connections, network, and get their brand or name out for potential recruitment. This information is considered public information once on the platform but some of the pieces of information could represent a conflict in confidentiality. Social media is a part of our modern- day sports world but does create a risk of potential errors and or offense, with each post or added content.

3 In the ’Netball’ scenario, there was gap as the manipulation of information presents a real issue with outside or third parties, who review the reflections on Facebook. Many times, information is manipulated to ensure that a certain type of athlete knows that they are not welcomed within the organization. Overall, the point of social media platforms is to effectively communicate with more easily assessable tools, however, the manipulation of information without player consent can create situations that hurt the organization overtly. Filling the communication gap is the best way to resolve certain situations that are created in using social medial platforms. Face to Face intervention is always a plus when dealing with certain emotional stresses of working in a team sport. One of the main primary standards of focus for this case allude to standard 7.04, student disclosure of personal information and how personal information is used within the research. Based on ethics code standard 3.04 Avoiding Harm- Refers to the psychologist taking responsible steps to avoid harming clients/ patients, students, supervisors, research participants, organizational clients, and other, along with minimizing harm where it is foreseeable and unavoidable. Another ethics code addressed within the case is standard 8.08c Debriefing, which refers to taking steps to minimize harm, during debriefing, when a psychologist becomes aware of participant distress created by the research procedure. Finally, it is best for a psychologist to ensure that that are ethic codes standard 3.04 has not been violated in relation to the violation of other standards. This could be several outside factors that have had an impact on the student’s confidence. A psychologist can avoid unnecessary issues during and after the research period to ensure that the participants privacy is protected and any issues that may have arisen is addressed in a legal and ethical manner. The safeguarding of student data along with the identification of data manipulation can steer communication in a more positive way. There is an obvious legal

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4 standard that has to also be account for along with the stand code of ethics. Legal standards such as any HIPPA issues occur, if the psychologist fails to comply or adhere in safe keeping and non- neglectful practices of participants. Violations will be imposed a criminal penalty for failure to comply. The rationale of responsibility in sport psychology is to ensure that the athletes can maintain a higher level of performance by prioritizing their mental fitness along with their other skills such as teamwork and the regulation of their emotions. (According to (Hooper, 2017) Failing to understand the rationale of implementing social media policies could have negative impact on athletic departments and student-athletes. There is pressure in all areas of the sports world as people want to perform at a high level, regardless of the game importance. Many people stress themselves to a certain point while they seek to get a ‘one-up’ on their competitors. According to (Cooks-Campbell, 2022) Some of the benefits of sports psychology include, Reduced anxiety, Effective stress-management techniques, Increased drive, A healthier perspective of self and one’s abilities, Improved athletic performance overall. All these different strategies can help in finding resolutions for both athletes and coaches, as well as give prospective parties and opportunity to better understand the psychological culture of the individuals and the organization.

5 Reference text and citations: Cooks-Campbell, A. (2022). What is sports psychology and why is it important? . BetterUp. https://www.betterup.com/blog/sports-psychology Davis, J. (2022, March 12). The dangers of social media for athletes . Medium. https://medium.com/@josephsdavis6/social-media-and-its-negative-affect-on-athletes- ebfe2db69229 Hooper, H. W. (2017). An Investigation of the Role Communication Privacy Management Theory has in the Development of Social Media Policies, Sport Journal, 1. Margarit, E, -M., Tonita, F., & Angelescu, N. (2018). Employing Social Media in Working with Athletes: A Case Study Discussing Ethical Implications for Applied Sport Psychology Consultants. ELearning & Software for Education, 3, 308-313. https://doi.org/10.12753/2066-026X-18-187 .

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