6381 Assignment 1
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Northeastern University *
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Course
6381
Subject
Philosophy
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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docx
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Uploaded by ProfElement13209
6381 – Ethics in Biological Research
1.
Immanuel Kant: What is
The Supreme Principle of Morality?
The Categorical Imperative is the most fundamental moral principle.
According to Kant, the highest standard of morality is to act in such a way that the principle underlying your behaviour can be applied universally and without contradiction.
2.
Explain
freedom
,
duty
,
inclination
&
self-interest.
Freedom is acting in accordance with moral law; duty is the need of an action performed out of respect for the law; inclination is desire; and self-
interest is seeking one's own happiness.
3.
What is the difference between categorical imperative & hypothetical imperative?
The categorical imperative is unconditional and applies globally, whereas the hypothetical imperative is dependent on specific situations and their goals.
4.
What is Utilitarianism? Has it got anything to do with morality?
Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that states that activities are morally correct if they enhance happiness overall. It is related to morality.
5.
Are there any circumstances under which using another person for purposes not benefiting that person
is consistent with the Supreme Principle of Morality?
No, using another person for purposes not benefiting them is inconsistent with the Supreme Principle of Morality.
6.
Does our desired outcome (the consequences) matter if we want our actions to be moral?
Yes, desired goals are important, but they must accord with moral principles for activities to be considered moral.
7.
Each human being has absolute value as an end in and of ourselves. Why?
Because of their rational nature and ability to reason morally, all humans have absolute value as a goal in themselves.
8.
What confers moral worth on an action?
Moral worth is conferred on an activity when it is performed out of duty and respect for moral law, rather than for personal gain or desire.
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