MENG_3331_Lab_2_individual_report

Figure 1 shows the tensile testing results for different materials. All specimens have an initial diameter of 12 mm and an initial gauge length of 50 mm. 300 250 Low carbon steel Network polymer 200 Crystalline polymer 150 Amorphous polymer 100 50 5 10 15 20 25 30 Strain (%) Figure 1: Stress-strain curve b. Determine the following parameters for each material: • the tensile strength the 0.2% offset yield strength the modulus of elasticity • the ductility Stress (MPa) LO

1. A tensile test was conducted on a metal "505" specimen and the following stress-strain curves were generated, both curves generated from the same set of data. Use the graphs to fill in the mechanical properties of the material tested in the box below. Don't forget units! Stress vs Strain Stress, psi Stress, psi 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 0.00 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0.02 0 0.000 0.002 0.04 0.004 0.06 0.006 0.08 0.10 Strain Stress vs Strain 0.008 0.12 Elastic Modulus, E: 0.2% Offset Yield Strength, oo: Tensile Strength, ou: Breaking Strength, of: % Elongation: 0.14 0.010 0.012 0.014 Strain 0.16 0.18 0.016 0.018 0.20 0.020

Q-3 The following creep data were taken on an aluminum alloy at 400°C (750°F) and a constant stress of 25 MPa (3660 psi). Plot the data as strain versus time, then determine the steady-state or minimum creep rate. Time Time (min) Strain (min) Strain 0.00 18 0.82 0.22 20 0.88 4 0.34 22 0.95 0.41 24 1.03 8 0.48 26 1.12 10 0.55 28 1.22 12 0.62 30 1.36 14 0.68 32 1.53 16 0.75 34 1.77

6. State your answers to the following questions.Strain Gauge represents the deformation of a material through a change in resistance. If so, explain how temperature will affect the strain gauge in the experimental environment.①:In this experiment, the Strain Gauge measures the strain in micro units. Explain one possible error factor when applying a load by hanging a weight on the material with the strain gauge attached. (Hint: It is easy to shake by hanging the weight using a thread)①:

A tensile test was performed on a metal specimen with a diameter of 1/2 inch and a gage length (the length over which the elongation is meas- ured) of 4 inches. The data were plotted on a load-displacement graph, P vs. AL. A best-fit line was drawn through the points, and the slope of the straight-line portion was calculated to be P/AL = 1392 kips/in. What is the modulus of elasticity? BI

You have been given the following test sample data following mechanical testing of 15 test pieces of a modified Alumina. What is the Weibull modulus of this material? Would you advise the use of this material over one with a Weibull Modulus of 19.6 and a mean failure stress of 270 MPa, if you anticipate that the peak stress on the material could be 255 MPa? Sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Select one or more: a. 185 b. No Yes □d. 49 □e. 28.6 3.7 Failure Stress (MPa) 297 293 270 300 g. 22.8 260 296 265 295 280 288 263 290 298 275

A high-impulse universal testing machine is being used to determine the Young's Modulus of a rectangular solid specimen (l = 20 cm, t = 1.5 cm, w = 2 cm). The machine produces 35,000 Ns that causes the impact force of compression resulted to a 1 mm deformation in the length of the specimen in 0.05 s. Determine the Young's modulus of the specimen expressed in MPa. Round off your answer to the nearest whole number

. Data was collected from the tensile test demonstration for Aluminum 6061-T6. Below are the resulting stress-strain diagrams based on the tensile test we performed. o (MPa) Al 6061-T6 Stress-Strain Curve o (MPa) 350 320 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Estimate 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 ε (mm/mm) 300 270 250 220 200 150 140 100 a) The modulus of Elasticity, E b) The yield stress, d, using the 0.2% offset method c) The strain at failure, & failure d) The modulus of resilience (approximately!) 50 0 0 Al6061-T6 Stress-Strain Curve, Magnified N 0.0032 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 € (mm/mm) The right diagram shows the magnified elastic region of stress-strain diagram to enhance the details.

Stress Strain Diagram The Data shown in the table have been obtained from a tensile test conducted on a high-strength steel. The test specimen had a diameter of 0.505 inch and a gage length of 2.00 inch. Using software. plot the Stress-Strain Diagram for this steel and determine its: A= TTdT(050s A %3D 1. Proportional Limit, 2. Modulus of Elasticity, 3. Yield Strength (SY) at 0.2% Offset, 4. Ultimate Strength (Su), 5. Percent Elongation in 2.00 inch, 6. Percent Reduction in Area, 7. Present the results (for Steps 1-6) in a highly organized table. e Altac ie sheet (as problelle 4 A = 0.2.002 BEOINNING of the effort Elongation (in) Elongation (In) Load Load #: #3 (Ib) (Ib) 1 0.0170 15 12,300 0.0004 1,500 16 12,200 0.0200 0.0010 3. 3,100 17 12,000 0.0275 0.0016 4,700 18 13,000 0.0335 5. 6,300 0.0022 19 15,000 0.0400 0.0026 6. 8,000 20 16,200 0.055 0.0032 9,500 21 17,500 0.0680 0.0035 8. 11,000 22 18,800 0.1080 0.0041 11,800 23 19,600 0.1515 0.0051 24 20,100 0.2010 10 12,300 0.0071 25…

The following data was obtained as a result of tensile testing of a standard 0.505 inch diameter test specimen of magnesium.  After fracture, the gage length is 2.245 inch and the diameter is 0.466 inch. a). Calculate the engineering stress and strain values to fill in the blank boxes and plot the data. Load(lb) Gage Length (in) Stress (kpsi) Strain 0 2     1000 2.00154     2000 2.00308     3000 2.00462     4000 2.00615     5000 2.00769     5500 2.014     6000 2.05     6200 (max) 2.13     6000 (fracture) 2.255     b). Calculate the modulus of elasticity c).  If another identical sample of the same material is pulled only to 6000 pounds and is unloaded from there, determine the gage length of the sample after unloading.

The following data were recorded during the tensile test of a test specimen with a diameter of 12.8 mm. The gage length is 50.8 mm. The given data are as follow; Given: Test specimen material: Aluminum Diameter of test specimen: Do = 12.8 mm Length of test specimen: Lo = 50.8 mm Force and Elongation data for test specimen Assumptions: 1. The given data is accurate and the material is isotropic 2. The direction of applied force is parallel to the length of the cylinder Requirement: To interpret and plot the stress Vs Strain curve for a given specimen DATA: LENGTH, mm STRESS, MPa LOAD, N 0 50.8 7 330 50.851 15 100 50.902 23 100 50.952 30 400 51.003 34 400 51.054 38 400 51.308 41 300 51.816 44 800 52.832 46 200 53.848 47 300 54.864 47 500 55.88 36 100 56.896 44 800 57.658 42 600 58.42 36 400 59.182 STRAIN

6. The following engineering stress-strain data were obtained for 0.2% C plain carbon steel. (a) Plot the engineering stress-strain curve (b) Determine the ultimate tensile strength for the alloy (c) Determine the percent elongation at fracture (d) Plot the true stress-strain curve Engineering strain, in./in. Engineering stress, ksi 30 0.001 55 0.002 60 0.005 68 0.01 72 0.02 74 0.04 75 0.06 76 0.08 75 0.1 73 0.12 69 0.14 65 0.16 56 0.18 51 0.19(fracture)

Recording Help Stress (MPa) 600 500- 400- 300 200 100- 0 0.00 Tell me what you Exercise 2 Stress (MPa) 0.04 500 400 300 200- 100 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 Strain 0.08 Strain 0.12 0.16 0.20 Consider a cylindrical specimen of a steel alloy 10.0 mm in tension. Determine, its elongation when a load of 20,000 N is applied.

A 11 in. inner diameter, 0.35 " wall thickness pipe is under a pressure of 2.5 ksi where strain gages installed along axial and circumferential directions register strains of 180 and 900 micro-strains (x10^-6), respectively. A) What is the Poisson's Ratio of this material and it's Elastic Modulus? B) In a uniaxial test, the pipe's material is observed to yield at a longitudinal strain of 0.1 in/in. Assuming a factor of safety of 2, the pipe can withstand impact energy of _______ lb - in per foot without suffering permanent deformation. C) If the pipe is depressurized and then subjected to a torque of 50 lblb - ft.ft., it will experience a shear strain of ________ rad.

Question 2 In designing prosthetic sockets, the latter will need to be experimentally tested for their structural integrity. Figure 2 shows one such design of a prosthetic socket which is made of carbon fibre composite. Strain gauges are installed to record the strains at various locations of the legs during walking and the readings are recorded using a telemetry system to detemine the critical stressed area. At a particular strain gauge location indicated in Figure 2, the readings recorded by one of the 45° strain gauge rosettes are: Ea = 2500 x 10*, es = 1500 x 10°, & = -950 x 10* Using Mohr's Cicle or otherwise, detemine: (a) the principal strains and the direction of the maximum principal strain relative to the gauge "a". (b) the corresponding principal stresses and sketch the results on a properly oriented element. You may assume that the prosthetic socket is made of polypropylene whose Young's modulus of 1.0 GPa and Poisson ratio of 0.3. Figure 2

The following data were collected from a 12 mm diameter test specimen of Magnesium. LOAD (N) 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 26500 27000 26500 25000 GAUEGE LENGTH (mm) 30.000 30.0296 30.0592 30.0888 30.15 30.51 30.90 31.50 (maximum load) 32.10 32.79 (fracture) After the fracture, the gauge length is 32.61 mm and the diameter is 11.74 mm. a) What is the elastic modulus? b) Percent elongation at fracture? c) Percent elongation after fracture? d) What is the Poisson's ratio? e)Draw the engineering stress-strain diagram corresponding to the values in the table. Call this plot I. Now consider this experiment is repeated at a higher temperature with an identical sample. Draw the new engineering stress-strain diagram, call it plot Il and highlight the differences (on the same graph) between I and II.

The following stress-strain curve was prepared based on a tensile test of a specimen that had a circular cross-section. The gage diameter of the specimen was 0.25 inches and the gage length was 4 inches. The stress scale of the stress-strain diagram is given with the factor a = 10 ksi. Estimate: (a) The modulus of elasticity. (b) The ultimate strength. (c) The yield strength (0.2% offset). (d) The percent elongation at fracture. 2013 Michael Swanbom STRESS VS. STRAIN BY NC SA 7a bat Sat 2at at 0.05 STRAIN 0.01 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.02 0.03 0.07 0.09 STRESS

The engineering stress-strain curve below was obtained for a precipitation hardened Aluminum alloy. What is the approximate Yield Strength for this alloy in psi? Engineering Stress Based on Original Area (psi) 50,000 45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 O 0.02 0.04 0.06 Aluminum 6061-T6 0.08 0.1 0.12 Engineering Strain (in/in) 0.14 X 0.16 0.18

The stress-strain data from a tensile test on a cast-iron specimen are € (10-3) 0 0.20 0.44 0.80 1.0 1.5 2.0 26 32 40 46 49 54 NOTE: This is a multi-part question. Once an answer is submitted, you will be unable to return to this part. 2.8 3.4 4.0 5.0 a (kpsi) 0 5 10 16 19 Determine the tangent modulus, E, at a value of a=0 psi. 106 psl. The tangent modulus, Eis X

1. Plot the engineering stress & strain diagram of an alloy having a tensile test result found in Table 1. The tensile test specimen has a diameter of 12.5mm and a gage length of 50.0mm. The given alloy is used to make a 30.0mm diameter cylinder, which is placed inside a hardened circular steel casement with a 30.01mm inner diameter. Table 1: Tensile test results of an alloy Change In Length (mm) Change In Diameter (mm) Load (kN) 0.000 0.0000 0.0000 4.364 0.0254 0.0019 -0.0057 13.092 0.0762 21.819 0.1270 0.0095 30.547 32.729 0.1778 0.7620 34.911 3.0480 30.01 mm O F Rigid Plate Cylindrical Alloy -Steel casement Figure k Section view of the steel casement encapsulating the cylindrical alloy 2. Determine the required minimum value of F such that the cylindrical alloy would touch the walls of the steel casement.

Determine the percentage of ductility of a metal alloy having the following tensile stress-strain diagram. Stress-Strain Diagram 1200 1000 800 1000 600 800 600 400 400 200 200 0.00s 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 025 Strain (mm/mm) Select one: O 0.2% O 19% 3% 25% 0.5% Stress (Mpa)

Flag question You have been given the following test sample data following mechanical testing of 15 test pieces of a modified Alumina. What is the Weibull modulus of this material? Would you advise the use of this material over one with a Weibull Modulus of 19.6 and a mean failure stress of 270 MPa, if you anticipate that the peak stress on the material could be 255 MPa? Sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Select one or more: Failure Stress (MPa) 297 293 270 300 260 286 265 295 4 293 280 288 263 290 298 275

A polypropylene has the following tensile creep compliance measured at 40 °C: D(t) = 1.2 x t0.1 GPa-1 where t is expressed in seconds. It is subjected to the following tensile stress sequence at 40 °C. Find the tensile strain at 3200 sec. Stress (MPa) 1.5 1.0 0.5 1000 2000 3000 Time (s)

Two different materials designated A, and B, are tested in tension using test specimens having diameters of 0.505 cm and gage lengths of 2.0 cm (Figure 1). At failure, the distances between the gauge length marks are 2.13 cm (sample A) and 2.48 cm (sample B). Also, at the failure cross-sections, the diameters are found to be 0.484 cm (sample A) and 0.398 cm (sample B), respectively. i. Calculate the percent elongation and percent of area reduction in each specimen. a. Sample A b. Sample B ii. Classify each material as brittle or ductile using your judgement.

A steel ruler of 40 cm, calibrated at 27°C, was used to measure a component in a relatively hot environment of 65°C. What would be the error % in the measurements if a .steel=17.7x10-6 °C^-1