Unit 1 quiz review

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Cayuga Community College *

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216

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Biology

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Jun 9, 2024

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docx

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Module 1 Quiz Review Module 1 Quiz Review You will see ONE of the following short answer questions on your quiz:  Even though the Germ theory had not yet been proven, why was Lister adamant about using sterile technique?  How does oil immersion improve resolution? – the question is telling you the resolution is improved, you need to tell me how it improves the resolution.  You performed a gram stain, but you were in a hurry and you forgot to add the counterstain, safranin. Tell me what color your gram positive and gram negative organisms would be and why. – For the remaining quiz questions, you will need to know the gram stain technique, all of the reagents, what their functions are and the order they are used in. If you understand that you can easily answer this question.  The media reports that "new" infections seem to appear on a regular basis. What is the explanation for these infections? Are they "new"? - look this one up in the text. We are traveling more, encroaching on environments, disturbing ecological niches….  When antibiotics and vaccination techniques were first discovered, the statement was made that all pathogenic organisms would be controlled by the twenty-first century. Why do you think this statement did not come true? Think about this one, why are we experiencing another pandemic?  In 1864, Lister observed that patients recovered from simple bone fractures but often had terrible complications with compound fractures. He knew application of phenol prevented cattle disease so he treated all compound fractures with phenol and the patients began to recover without incident. How was Lister influenced by Pasteur and why was Koch's work still needed? Know the basic work of Lister, Pasteur and understand why Koch’s postulates were different from anything else done at the time.  In 1835 Bassi showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus, and in 1865 Pasteur found another silkworm disease was caused by a protozoan. Why do we use Koch's postulates instead of "Bassi's" or "Pasteur's" postulates? – Know and understand what Koch’s postulates accomplished and why they were unique.  Describe why Pasteur's tipped flask experiment helped to disprove spontaneous generation. – Look up his experiment and understand it’s significance  When doing a gram stain, one step can be eliminated and still allow distinction between gram positive and gram negative organisms. What is the step and why would eliminating it still result in the ability to distinguish gram positive from gram negative? (As mentioned previously, you need to know and understand the technique and the reagents used.) The following information will also help you in the remaining portion of the quiz:  Know the basic types of microscopes, how the objectives work to provide magnification, how oil immersion increases resolution, and basic components  Know Van Leeuwenhock was the first to observe microbes under a microscope  Know that opportunistic infections are those acquired by immunocompromised individuals  Know the terms aerobic and anaerobic  Know the basic difference between Eukaryotic, Prokaryotic, Archea prions and viruses  Understand normal flora and its functions  Understand bioremediation  Know the 3 Domain System and the types of cells that are represented  Know the cell theory  Know the term asepsis and Pasteurization

 Know some of the benefits of microbes  Know some of the uses of biotechnology and some of the natural materials produced by microbes  Understand scientific notation, how do you know the genus versus the species name  Know simple staining, negative staining and their functions

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