Chapter MS, Problem 20PQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reason for higher boiling point of water compared to other members of oxygen family has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The forces that exist between the molecules are known as intermolecular forces. Such forces can either be attractive or repulsive.

Following are the types of intermolecular forces:

1. Dipole-dipole attraction: This force exists between two dipoles. Positive end of one dipole is attracted towards the negative end of another dipole and vice-versa. Due to this attraction, dipole-dipole attractions come into play.

2. Ion-dipole forces: This type of force occurs by the result of interaction between an ion and a neutral molecule.

3. Ion-induced dipole forces: This force arises when a dipole is induced by the ion when it approaches a non-polar molecule.

4. Dispersion forces: These forces exist between the atoms and molecules exist. Such forces are also known as Vander Waals or London forces.

5. Hydrogen bonding: This type of force is present when hydrogen forms bonds with highly electronegative elements like $\text{F}$, $\text{O}$ and $\text{N}$.