(a) Interpretation: The stream temperature of acetone is to be calculated when the relative saturation of acetone is 12.2 % . Concept introduction: The stream temperature calculation is based on number of moles of acetone, relative saturation and total pressure at the inlet Formula for calculation is given as ( Re l a t i v e S a t u r a t i o n ) C 3 H 6 O = ( y i × P C 3 H 6 O p C 3 H 6 O ∗ ( T f ) ) ......... (1) Here y i is the number of moles of C 3 H 6 O , P C 3 H 6 O is the total pressure of acetone entered, p C 3 H 6 O ∗ ( T f ) is the partial pressure for the acetone along with stream temperature Mole fraction ( y i ) of any component is given by y i = n i ∑ n i ......... (2) Here, n i is the moles of component i and ∑ n i is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture. At (STP) condition volume is considered as 22 .4 m 3

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.75P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The stream temperature of acetone is to be calculated when the relative saturation of acetone is 12.2 %.

Concept introduction:

The stream temperature calculation is based on number of moles of acetone, relative saturation and total pressure at the inlet

Formula for calculation is given as

(Relative Saturation)C3H6O= (yi × PC3H6OpC3H6O∗(Tf)) ......... (1)

Here yi is the number of moles of C3H6O, PC3H6O is the total pressure of acetone entered,

pC3H6O∗(Tf) is the partial pressure for the acetone along with stream temperature

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

At (STP) condition volume is considered as 22.4 m3

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Composition of product formed before and after combustion and the temperature of exit stream is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Energy balance is used to calculate the temperature of exit stream is defined as the temperature attained by the product at the time of leaving the reactor.

ΔH = nC3H6OΔH^c∘ + ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

ΔH is the change in enthalpy at 25∘C

ΔH^c∘ is the heat of reaction

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of product

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactant

∑out nH^i = nCO2 cpCO2ΔT + nH2O cpH2O ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT∑in nH^i = nCO2 cpC3H6OΔT + nO2 cpO2 ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer in kW for the process before and after combustion is to be calculated. The process for switching of reactor is also to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

Amount of heat transferred in watt is calculated as

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

Based on average heat capacity and temperature.

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In the production of ethyl acetate via reactive distillation, the column operates at 5 bar with an equimolar feed (ethanol + acetic acid) at 80°C. The reaction follows: \[CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH \rightleftharpoons CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O \quad (K_{eq} = 4.2 \text{ at } 80°C)\] Given: - NRTL parameters for all binary pairs - Tray efficiency = 65% - Vapor-liquid equilibrium exhibits positive azeotrope formation Calculate the exact minimum reflux ratio required to achieve 98% ethyl acetate purity in the distillate, assuming: 1) The reaction reaches equilibrium on each tray 2) The heavy key component is water

In a multi-stage distillation column designed to separate a binary mixture of ethanol and water, the mass flow rate of the feed entering the column is \( F \), and the distillate product flow rate is \( D \). The reflux ratio \( R \) is defined as the ratio of the liquid returned to the column to the distillate flow rate. For the ideal case, where the column operates at maximum efficiency, determine the **minimum reflux ratio** \( R_{\text{min}} \) when the relative volatility \( \alpha = 1.5 \).

Q2: Draw the layout of a basic asynchronous 32k * 8 SRAM.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.75P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The stream temperature of acetone is to be calculated when the relative saturation of acetone is 12.2 %.

Concept introduction:

The stream temperature calculation is based on number of moles of acetone, relative saturation and total pressure at the inlet

Formula for calculation is given as

(Relative Saturation)C3H6O= (yi × PC3H6OpC3H6O∗(Tf)) ......... (1)

Here yi is the number of moles of C3H6O, PC3H6O is the total pressure of acetone entered,

pC3H6O∗(Tf) is the partial pressure for the acetone along with stream temperature

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

At (STP) condition volume is considered as 22.4 m3

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Composition of product formed before and after combustion and the temperature of exit stream is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Energy balance is used to calculate the temperature of exit stream is defined as the temperature attained by the product at the time of leaving the reactor.

ΔH = nC3H6OΔH^c∘ + ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

ΔH is the change in enthalpy at 25∘C

ΔH^c∘ is the heat of reaction

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of product

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactant

∑out nH^i = nCO2 cpCO2ΔT + nH2O cpH2O ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT∑in nH^i = nCO2 cpC3H6OΔT + nO2 cpO2 ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer in kW for the process before and after combustion is to be calculated. The process for switching of reactor is also to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

Amount of heat transferred in watt is calculated as

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

Based on average heat capacity and temperature.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.75P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The stream temperature of acetone is to be calculated when the relative saturation of acetone is 12.2 %.

Concept introduction:

The stream temperature calculation is based on number of moles of acetone, relative saturation and total pressure at the inlet

Formula for calculation is given as

(Relative Saturation)C3H6O= (yi × PC3H6OpC3H6O∗(Tf)) ......... (1)

Here yi is the number of moles of C3H6O, PC3H6O is the total pressure of acetone entered,

pC3H6O∗(Tf) is the partial pressure for the acetone along with stream temperature

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

At (STP) condition volume is considered as 22.4 m3

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Composition of product formed before and after combustion and the temperature of exit stream is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Energy balance is used to calculate the temperature of exit stream is defined as the temperature attained by the product at the time of leaving the reactor.

ΔH = nC3H6OΔH^c∘ + ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

ΔH is the change in enthalpy at 25∘C

ΔH^c∘ is the heat of reaction

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of product

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactant

∑out nH^i = nCO2 cpCO2ΔT + nH2O cpH2O ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT∑in nH^i = nCO2 cpC3H6OΔT + nO2 cpO2 ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer in kW for the process before and after combustion is to be calculated. The process for switching of reactor is also to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

Amount of heat transferred in watt is calculated as

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

Based on average heat capacity and temperature.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.75P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The stream temperature of acetone is to be calculated when the relative saturation of acetone is 12.2 %.

Concept introduction:

The stream temperature calculation is based on number of moles of acetone, relative saturation and total pressure at the inlet

Formula for calculation is given as

(Relative Saturation)C3H6O= (yi × PC3H6OpC3H6O∗(Tf)) ......... (1)

Here yi is the number of moles of C3H6O, PC3H6O is the total pressure of acetone entered,

pC3H6O∗(Tf) is the partial pressure for the acetone along with stream temperature

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

At (STP) condition volume is considered as 22.4 m3

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Composition of product formed before and after combustion and the temperature of exit stream is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Energy balance is used to calculate the temperature of exit stream is defined as the temperature attained by the product at the time of leaving the reactor.

ΔH = nC3H6OΔH^c∘ + ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

ΔH is the change in enthalpy at 25∘C

ΔH^c∘ is the heat of reaction

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of product

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactant

∑out nH^i = nCO2 cpCO2ΔT + nH2O cpH2O ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT∑in nH^i = nCO2 cpC3H6OΔT + nO2 cpO2 ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer in kW for the process before and after combustion is to be calculated. The process for switching of reactor is also to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

Amount of heat transferred in watt is calculated as

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

Based on average heat capacity and temperature.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 9, Problem 9.75P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The stream temperature of acetone is to be calculated when the relative saturation of acetone is 12.2 %.

Concept introduction:

The stream temperature calculation is based on number of moles of acetone, relative saturation and total pressure at the inlet

Formula for calculation is given as

(Relative Saturation)C3H6O= (yi × PC3H6OpC3H6O∗(Tf)) ......... (1)

Here yi is the number of moles of C3H6O, PC3H6O is the total pressure of acetone entered,

pC3H6O∗(Tf) is the partial pressure for the acetone along with stream temperature

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

At (STP) condition volume is considered as 22.4 m3

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Composition of product formed before and after combustion and the temperature of exit stream is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Energy balance is used to calculate the temperature of exit stream is defined as the temperature attained by the product at the time of leaving the reactor.

ΔH = nC3H6OΔH^c∘ + ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

ΔH is the change in enthalpy at 25∘C

ΔH^c∘ is the heat of reaction

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of product

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactant

∑out nH^i = nCO2 cpCO2ΔT + nH2O cpH2O ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT∑in nH^i = nCO2 cpC3H6OΔT + nO2 cpO2 ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer in kW for the process before and after combustion is to be calculated. The process for switching of reactor is also to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

Amount of heat transferred in watt is calculated as

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

Based on average heat capacity and temperature.

Answer 6

Chapter 9, Problem 9.75P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The stream temperature of acetone is to be calculated when the relative saturation of acetone is 12.2 %.

Concept introduction:

The stream temperature calculation is based on number of moles of acetone, relative saturation and total pressure at the inlet

Formula for calculation is given as

(Relative Saturation)C3H6O= (yi × PC3H6OpC3H6O∗(Tf)) ......... (1)

Here yi is the number of moles of C3H6O, PC3H6O is the total pressure of acetone entered,

pC3H6O∗(Tf) is the partial pressure for the acetone along with stream temperature

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

At (STP) condition volume is considered as 22.4 m3

Answer 7

Chapter 9, Problem 9.75P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The stream temperature of acetone is to be calculated when the relative saturation of acetone is 12.2 %.

Concept introduction:

The stream temperature calculation is based on number of moles of acetone, relative saturation and total pressure at the inlet

Formula for calculation is given as

(Relative Saturation)C3H6O= (yi × PC3H6OpC3H6O∗(Tf)) ......... (1)

Here yi is the number of moles of C3H6O, PC3H6O is the total pressure of acetone entered,

pC3H6O∗(Tf) is the partial pressure for the acetone along with stream temperature

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

At (STP) condition volume is considered as 22.4 m3

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Composition of product formed before and after combustion and the temperature of exit stream is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Energy balance is used to calculate the temperature of exit stream is defined as the temperature attained by the product at the time of leaving the reactor.

ΔH = nC3H6OΔH^c∘ + ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

ΔH is the change in enthalpy at 25∘C

ΔH^c∘ is the heat of reaction

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of product

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactant

∑out nH^i = nCO2 cpCO2ΔT + nH2O cpH2O ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT∑in nH^i = nCO2 cpC3H6OΔT + nO2 cpO2 ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Composition of product formed before and after combustion and the temperature of exit stream is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Mole fraction (yi) of any component is given by

yi=ni∑ni ......... (2)

Here, ni is the moles of component i and ∑ni is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Energy balance is used to calculate the temperature of exit stream is defined as the temperature attained by the product at the time of leaving the reactor.

ΔH = nC3H6OΔH^c∘ + ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

ΔH is the change in enthalpy at 25∘C

ΔH^c∘ is the heat of reaction

∑out nH^i is the heat of formation of product

∑in nH^i is the heat of formation of reactant

∑out nH^i = nCO2 cpCO2ΔT + nH2O cpH2O ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT∑in nH^i = nCO2 cpC3H6OΔT + nO2 cpO2 ΔT + nN2 cPN2ΔT

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer in kW for the process before and after combustion is to be calculated. The process for switching of reactor is also to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

Amount of heat transferred in watt is calculated as

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

Based on average heat capacity and temperature.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer in kW for the process before and after combustion is to be calculated. The process for switching of reactor is also to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

Amount of heat transferred in watt is calculated as

Q = ∑out nH^i − ∑in nH^i

Based on average heat capacity and temperature.

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 9 - The standard heat of the reaction...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.2P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.3P Ch. 9 - The standard heat of the reaction...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.6P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.7P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.8P Ch. 9 - The standard heat of combustion of gaseous ethane...Ch. 9 - The standard heat of combustion (AH°) of liquid...

Solution Summary: The author explains that the stream temperature calculation is based on number of moles of acetone, relative saturation and total pressure at the inlet.

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