Chapter 9, Problem 9.51P

A dilute aqueous solution of sulfuric acid at 25°C is used to absorb ammonia in a continuous reactor, thereby producing ammonium sulfate, a fertilizer:

   $2N{H}_3\left(g\right)+H_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)\to {\left(N{H}_4\right)}_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)$

If the ammonia enters the absorber at 75°C, the sulfuric acid enters at 25°C, and the product solution emerges at 25°C, how much heat must be withdrawn from the unit per mol of ${\left(N{H}_4\right)}_{2}S{O}_4$

1. produced? (All needed physical property data may be found in Appendix B.)
2. Estimate the final temperature if the reactor of Part (a) is adiabatic and the product of the solution contains 1.00 mole% ammonium sulfate. Take the heat capacity of the solution to be that of pure liquid water [4.184kJ/(kg·°C)].
3. In a real (imperfectly insulated) reactor, would the final solution temperature be less than, equal to, or greater than the value calculated in Part (b), or is there no way to tell without more information? Briefly explain your answer.