ELEM.PRIN.OF CHEMICAL PROC.-W/ACCESS
ELEM.PRIN.OF CHEMICAL PROC.-W/ACCESS
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781119330745
Author: FELDER
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 9, Problem 9.33P

Ethylbenzene is converted to styrene in the catalytic dehydrogenation reaction C«H10(g) - C 8 H 10 ( g ) C 8 H 8 ( g ) + H 2 : Δ H r ° ( 600 ° C ) = + 124.5 k J

A flowchart of a simplified version of the commercial process is shown here.

Chapter 9, Problem 9.33P, Ethylbenzene is converted to styrene in the catalytic dehydrogenation reaction C«H10(g) -

Fresh and recycled liquid ethylbenzene combine and are heated from 25°C to 500°C (A). and the heated ethylbenzene is mixed adiabatically with steam at 700°C (B) to produce the feed to the reactor at 600°C. (The steam suppresses undesired side reactions and removes carbon deposited on the catalyst surface.) A once-through conversion of 35% is achieved in the reactor (C), and the products emerge at 560°C. The product stream is cooled to 25°C (D), condensing essentially all of the water, ethylbenzene, and styrene and allowing hydrogen to pass out as a recoverable by-product of the process.

The water and hydrocarbon liquids are immiscible and are separated in a settling tank decanter (£). The water is vaporized and healed (F) to produce the steam that mixes with the ethylbenzene feed to the reactor. The hydrocarbon stream leaving the decanter is fed to a distillation tower(C) (actually, a series of towers), which separates the mixture into essentially pure styrene and ethylbenzene, each at 25°C after cooling and condensation steps have been carried out. The ethylbenzene is recycled to the reactor preheater, and the styrene is taken off as a product.

  1. On a basis of 100 kg/h styrene produced, calculate the required fresh ethylbenzene feed rale, the flow rate of recycled ethylbenzene, and the circulation rate of water, all in mol/h. (Assume P = 1 atm.)
  2. Calculate the required rates of heat input or withdrawal in kJ/h for the ethylbenzene preheater (A), steam generator (F), and reactor (C).

  • Suggest possible ways to improve the energy economy of this process.
  • Physical Property Data

       E t h y l b e n z e n e : ( C p ) l i q u i d = 182 J / ( m o l ° C ) ( Δ H ^ v ) = 36.0 k J / m o l a t 136 ° C ( C p ) v a p o r [ J / ( m o l ° C ) ] = 118 + 0.30 T ( ° C ) S t y r e n e : ( C p ) l i q u i d = 209 J / ( m o l ° C ) ( Δ H ^ v ) = 37.1 k J / m o l a t 145 ° C ( C p ) v a p o r [ J / ( m o l ° C ) ] = 115 + 0.27 T ( ° C )

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    Chapter 9 Solutions

    ELEM.PRIN.OF CHEMICAL PROC.-W/ACCESS

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