Chapter 9, Problem 9.27P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Flow chart of the given process and the degree of freedom for the overall system needs to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart of process defines the number of moles reacting with respect to moles formed. It helps in defining the inlet and outlet conditions of reactor.

This gives the relation defined as

Input-output = Accumulation

Degree of freedom is calculated on the basis of number of unknown parameter and number of reactions.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Masses of all stream to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The stream temperature calculation is based on number of moles of acetone, relative saturation, and total pressure at the inlet

Formula for calculation is given as

$\left(\text{Relative}\text{Saturation}\right)=\left(\frac{y_i\times P}{p^{\ast }\left(T_f\right)}\right)$ ...... (1)

Here $y_i$ is the number of moles of components, $P$ is the total pressure entered,

$p^{\ast }\left(T_f\right)$ is the partial pressure along with stream temperature

Mole fraction $\left(y_i\right)$ of any components given by

$y_i=\frac{n_i}{\sum n_i}$ ...... (2)

Here, $n_i$ is the moles of component $i$ and $\sum n_i$ is the total moles of all the components present in the mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Amount of water needed by an individual per day is to be calculated for given condition.

Concept introduction:

Ideal gas law stated that pressure is directly proportional to temperature, depending on number of moles of component.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{PV}\text{=}\text{nRT}\\ n_{airinhaled}=\frac{PV}{RT}\end{array}$

Scale factor is calculated on the basis of number of moles reacted to mole of air feed.

$Scalefactor=\frac{numberofmolescalculated}{numberofmolestakenasbasis}$

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Amount of heat transfer for the given condition to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred is

$\begin{array}{l}Q\text{}=\sum _{out}n{\hat{H}}_i-\sum _{in}n{\hat{H}}_i\\ \end{array}$

$\sum _{out}n{\hat{H}}_i$ is the heat of formation of product

$\sum _{in}n{\hat{H}}_i$ is the heat of formation of reactant

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.