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Concept explainers
Calculate the lattice energy of potassium fluoride, KF, using the Born–Haber cycle. Use
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Interpretation:
The lattice energy of Potassium fluoride has to be calculated via the Born Haber cycle.
Concept introduction:
Lattice energy:
The amount of energy that is necessary for the conversion of one mole of ionic solid to its constituent ions in gaseous phase is called Lattice energy.
Hess’s law:
The enthalpy change for given set of reactants to the given set of products is the same, whether, the process takes place in single or sequence of steps. This is called as Hess’s law.
Enthalpy is generally calculated from the standard enthalpy of formation.
With the thermodynamic values from Hess’s law, the lattice energy of ionic compound can be determined.
Answer to Problem 9.118QP
The lattice energy of Potassium fluoride is
Explanation of Solution
The above thermo chemical equations can be obtained by applying Hess’s law.
The lattice energy (last row) is obtained by the sum of the enthalpy of sublimation, dissociation, ionization, electron affinity.
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The lattice energy of Potassium fluoride is
The lattice energy of Potassium fluoride is found to be
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Chapter 9 Solutions
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
- Calculate the lattice energy of NaBr(s), given the following thermochemical equations, where A/E and AEA are ionization energy and electron affinity, respectively. Na(s)Na(g) AH = +107 kJ Na(g) Nat(g) + e A/E = +496 kJ -> 1/2 Br₂(g) → Br(g) AHf = +112 kJ - Br(g) + e¯ → Br¯(g) AEA = -325 kJ Na(s) + 1/2 Br₂(g) → NaBr(s) AH = -361 kJ ->> - -1401 kJ -751 kJ +29 kJ -29 kJ +751 kJarrow_forwardThe standard heat of formation of BaBr2BaBr2 is −−764 kJ/molkJ/mol. The first ionization energy of BaBa is 503 kJ/molkJ/mol and its second ionization energy is 965 kJ/molkJ/mol. The heat of sublimation of Ba[Ba(s)→Ba(g)]Ba[Ba(s)→Ba(g)] is 175 kJ/molkJ/mol. The bond energy of Br2Br2 is 193 kJ/molkJ/mol, the heat of vaporization of Br2(l)Br2(l) is 31 kJ/molkJ/mol, and the electron affinity of BrBr is −−325 kJ/molkJ/mol. Calculate the lattice energy of BaBr2BaBr2.arrow_forwardSuppose a chemist discovers a new metallic element and names it "Xhaustium" (Xh).Xh exhibits chemical behaviour similar to an alkaline earth. Xh(s) + F2(g) → XhF2(s) Lattice energy for XhF2 -2140. kJ/mol First Ionization energy of Xh 310. kJ/mol Second Ionization energy of Xh 589 kJ/mol Electron affinity of F -327.8 kJ/mol Bond energy of F2 154 kJ/mol Enthalpy of sublimation (atomization) of Xh 150. kJ/mol Use the above data to calculate ΔH°f for Xhaustium fluoride. Your answer must be accurate and precise to the nearest 1 kJ/mol, as are the given parameters.arrow_forward
- The enthalpy change for the reaction between two molecules of carbon oxysulfide (COS) to form one molecule of CO2 and one molecule of CS2, as shown below, is –3.2 × 10–24 kJ per molecule of COS. The bond energy for the C=S bond in CS2 has been determined to be 552 kJ/mol. What is the apparent bond energy of a carbon–sulfur bond in COS? Use the bond energies below. Bonds Bond Energy(kJ/mole) C=S 552 C=O 799 Note: A C=O bond adjacent to another double bond is not the same as a C=O bond that is not adjacent to another double bond.arrow_forwardUsing the following data, calculate the lattice energy of calcium chloride: Ca2+(g) + 2Cl– (g) → CaCl2(s) ΔHlattice = ? Sublimation enthalpy of calcium ΔH = 177.8 kJ/mol First ionization energy of calcium ΔH = 590.2 kJ/mol Second ionization energy of calcium ΔH = 1144.2 kJ/mol First electron affinity of chlorine ΔH = –349 kJ/mol Heat of formation of CaCl2(s) ΔH = –795.4 kJ/mol Bond energy of Cl2 (see Table 2) Use Hess’s law to calculate the lattice energy of calcium chloride. set-up must show all the chemical equations and you must show how their H values add up to give your answer.arrow_forwardbased on the following information calculate the approximate lattice energy of XCl2.X is 3x larger than Na+. The lattice energy for NaCl is 787kj/molearrow_forward
- Chemistry just a brief answer, thanks.arrow_forwardSuppose a chemist discovers a new metallic element and names it "Xtrinsium" (Xt). Xt exhibits chemical behaviour similar to an alkaline earth. Xt(s) + F2(g) → XtF2(s) Lattice energy for XtF2 -2360. kJ/mol First Ionization energy of Xt 520. kJ/mol Second Ionization energy of Xt 936 kJ/mol Electron affinity of F -327.8 kJ/mol Bond energy of F2 154 kJ/mol Enthalpy of sublimation (atomization) of Xt 180. kJ/mol Use the above data to calculate ΔH°f for Xtrinsium fluoride.arrow_forwardDraw the energy diagram of the reaction: Li(s) + ½F2 → LiF(s). Enthalpy (kJ/mol) Li(s) → Li(g) +155.2 Li(g) → Li+(g) + e +520 ½F2 →F(g) +75.3 F(g) + e → F-(g) -3arrow_forward
- d. The energy required to separate the ions in the calcium carbonate crystal lattice into individual calcium and carbonate ions as represented in the table below is known as the lattice energy. As shown in the table, the lattice energy of magnesium carbonate is more than the lattice energy of calcium carbonate. Explain why in terms of periodic properties and Coulomb's law.arrow_forwardUse the following data to calculate the enthalpy change for the following reaction: 2Na(s) + O2(g) -> Na2O(s) Quantity Magnitude (kJ/mol) Ionization energy of Na(g) 495 Electron affinity of O(g) for 2e 603 Vaporization energy of Na(s) 109 Bond energy of O2(g) 499 Lattice energy for Na2O(s) –2,477arrow_forwardRank the following ionic compounds in order of lattice energy, from least exothermic to most exothermic: KCl, SrO, RbBr, CaOarrow_forward
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