Chapter 9, Problem 7PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Splitting tree diagram for a quartet using a splitting diagram of a triplet is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Signal splitting arises from the phenomenon known as spin-spin coupling. The effects of this coupling are transferred through electron bonds that leads to splitting by spin-spin coupling.

The spin–spin coupling effects are due to vicinal hydrogens. Vicinal hydrogens are protons connected to adjacent carbons. The hydrogens are apart by three sigma bonds.

$\text{Number\hspace{0.17em}of\hspace{0.17em}peaks}=n+1$, where $n$ is the number of vicinal hydrogen atoms that are nonequivalent to the hydrogen atoms producing the signal.