Mechanism for the given reaction should be proposed. Concept Introduction: Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product. If the leaving group in S N 1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed. An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 64P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given reaction should be proposed.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formation of two products in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of aqueous acetone or an aqueous ethyl alcohol provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reason for the single substation products obtained in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

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(c) The following data have been obtained for the hydrolysis of sucrose, C12H22O11, to glucose, C6H12O6, and fructose C6H12O6, in acidic solution: C12H22O11 + H2O → C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 [sucrose]/mol dm³ t/min 0 0.316 14 0.300 39 0.274 60 0.256 80 0.238 110 0.211 (i) Graphically prove the order of the reaction and determine the rate constant of the reaction. (ii) Determine the half-life, t½ for the hydrolysis of sucrose.

(III) adsorbent (b) Adsorption of the hexacyanoferrate (III) ion, [Fe(CN)6] ³, on y-Al2O3 from aqueous solution was examined. The adsorption was modelled using a modified Langmuir isotherm, yielding the following values of Kat pH = 6.5: (ii) T/K 10-10 K 280 2.505 295 1.819 310 1.364 325 1.050 Determine the enthalpy of adsorption, AadsHⓇ. If the reported value of entropy of adsorption, Aads Se = 146 J K-1 mol-1 under the above conditions, determine Aads Gº.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 64P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given reaction should be proposed.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formation of two products in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of aqueous acetone or an aqueous ethyl alcohol provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reason for the single substation products obtained in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 64P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given reaction should be proposed.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formation of two products in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of aqueous acetone or an aqueous ethyl alcohol provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reason for the single substation products obtained in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 64P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given reaction should be proposed.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formation of two products in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of aqueous acetone or an aqueous ethyl alcohol provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reason for the single substation products obtained in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

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Answer 5

Chapter 9, Problem 64P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given reaction should be proposed.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formation of two products in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of aqueous acetone or an aqueous ethyl alcohol provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reason for the single substation products obtained in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

Answer 6

Chapter 9, Problem 64P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given reaction should be proposed.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

Answer 7

Chapter 9, Problem 64P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given reaction should be proposed.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formation of two products in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of aqueous acetone or an aqueous ethyl alcohol provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formation of two products in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of aqueous acetone or an aqueous ethyl alcohol provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reason for the single substation products obtained in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reason for the single substation products obtained in the given reaction should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the reversible ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of solvent provides a carbocation as an intermediate, attacked by the nucleophile to form the product.

If the leaving group in SN1 reaction is attached to the asymmetric carbon, a pair of enantiomers will be formed.

An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superimposable.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 3P Ch. 9.1 - Does increasing the energy barrier for an SN2...Ch. 9.1 - Rank the following alkyl bromides from most...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 8P Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 9P Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 10P Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 11P Ch. 9.2 - Which substitution reaction lakes place more...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 14P Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 16P

Solution Summary: The author explains the mechanism for the given reaction.

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Chapter 9 Solutions