Chapter 8, Problem 8.71QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Formulas, name, physical and chemical properties for the binary hydrogen compounds of the second-period elements has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Hydrogen can either loss one electron forming $H^{+}$ (unipositive ion) or lose an electron forming $H^{-}$ (hydride ion) to attain stability.

The periodic table is given below:

Hydrides are binary compounds formed by hydrogen with another element.

Three states of matter:

• Solid, liquid and gas.

Solid

• Possess a definite volume and definite shape.
• Particles are closely packed together and unable to move about very much.
• Particle of a solid have very low kinetic energy.

Liquid

• Liquid possess a definite volume, but indefinite shape.
• Particles are less loosely bound than solid and have more kinetic energy than solid.
• The liquid particle is not held in regular shape.

Gas

• Gas posses an indefinite volume and indefinite shape.
• Particles have a great deal of space between them and have high kinetic energy.
• Gas particle have enough kinetic energy to overcome intermolecular forces that hold by solid or liquid or together.

Ionic compounds are formed by the transfer of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal. Molecular (covalent) compounds are formed by the sharing of electrons between two nonmetals.