Chapter 8, Problem 8.15NP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The phase diagram of NH₃needs to be drawn from the given data and the phases at 195.41 K and 9506 Pa pressure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: All substances can mainly exist in three phases; solid, liquid and gases. These three phases can convert into each other by the application of temperature and pressure such as by heating of solid, it converts to liquid and then gaseous state of matter.

Similarly, the gases can be compressed at high pressure to liquefy. The interconversion of three phases of substance can be shown on the phase diagram. A triple point indicates the value of T and P at which all the three phases of a substance that is pressure, temperature and volume coexist. At this point, the fusion, sublimation and vaporization curve intersect each other.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The phase of ammonia at 195.41 K and 6077 Pa pressure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: All substances can mainly exist in three phases; solid, liquid and gases. These three phases can convert into each other by the application of temperature and pressure such as by heating of solid, it converts to liquid and then gaseous state of matter.

Similarly, the gases can be compressed at high pressure to liquefy. The interconversion of three phases of substance can be shown on the phase diagram. A triple point indicates the value of T and P at which all the three phases of a substance that is pressure, temperature and volume coexist. At this point, the fusion, sublimation and vaporization curve intersect each other.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The phase of NH₃at 245.45 K and 101325 Pa pressure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: All substances can mainly exist in three phases; solid, liquid and gases. These three phases can convert into each other by the application of temperature and pressure such as by heating of solid, it converts to liquid and then gaseous state of matter.

Similarly, the gases can be compressed at high pressure to liquefy. The interconversion of three phases of substance can be shown on the phase diagram. A triple point indicates the value of T and P at which all the three phases of a substance that is pressure, temperature and volume coexist. At this point, the fusion, sublimation and vaporization curve intersect each other.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The phase of NH₃at 415 K and $105\times {10}^{\text{5}}\text{Pa}$ pressure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: All substances can mainly exist in three phases; solid, liquid and gases. These three phases can convert into each other by the application of temperature and pressure such as by heating of solid, it converts to liquid and then gaseous state of matter.

Similarly, the gases can be compressed at high pressure to liquefy. The interconversion of three phases of substance can be shown on the phase diagram. A triple point indicates the value of T and P at which all the three phases of a substance that is pressure, temperature and volume coexist. At this point, the fusion, sublimation and vaporization curve intersect each other.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The phase of NH₃at 185.5 K and 6077 Pa pressure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: All substances can mainly exist in three phases; solid, liquid and gases. These three phases can convert into each other by the application of temperature and pressure such as by heating of solid, it converts to liquid and then gaseous state of matter.

Similarly, the gases can be compressed at high pressure to liquefy. The interconversion of three phases of substance can be shown on the phase diagram. A triple point indicates the value of T and P at which all the three phases of a substance that is pressure, temperature and volume coexist. At this point, the fusion, sublimation and vaporization curve intersect each other.