The enthalpy of vaporization ΔH v a p and the enthalpy of sublimation ΔH s u b need to be calculated from the given data Concept Introduction: Vaporization and sublimation are phase transition reactions which involve a change in the state of a substance from the liquid to the vapor/gas phase and from the solid to the gas phases respectively Enthalpy changes associated with the reaction is essentially the amount of heat energy required for the phase transition. These are denoted as ΔH v a p for vaporization and ΔH s u b for sublimation. The relationship between pressure (P), temperature (T) and the enthalpy change ( ΔH) is given via the Clausius-Clapeyron equation: lnP = − ΔH R ( 1 T ) + C -----(1) Where R = 8.314 J/mol-K and C is a constant.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.24NP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of vaporization ΔH_v_a_p and the enthalpy of sublimation ΔH_s_u_bneed to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Vaporization and sublimation are phase transition reactions which involve a change in the state of a substance from the liquid to the vapor/gas phase and from the solid to the gas phases respectively

Enthalpy changes associated with the reaction is essentially the amount of heat energy required for the phase transition. These are denoted as ΔH_v_a_pfor vaporization and ΔH_s_u_b for sublimation.

The relationship between pressure (P), temperature (T) and the enthalpy change ( ΔH) is given via the Clausius-Clapeyron equation:

lnP = −ΔHR(1T) + C -----(1)

Where R = 8.314 J/mol-K and C is a constant.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s for the solid needs to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Fusion is a phase transition process which involves the change in state from solid to liquid.

The amount of heat energy required for the phase change or the melting process is referred to as the enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The temperature and pressure at the triple point needs to be calculated

Concept Introduction:

Triple point is a thermodynamic space in which solid, liquid and gaseous phases of a substance coexist

At the triple point:

vapor pressure of the solid = Vapor pressure of the liquid

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Students have asked these similar questions

a. What is the eluent used in the column chromatography here (a “silica plug filtration” is essentially a very short column)? b. The spectroscopy of compound 5b is described in the second half of this excerpt, including 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR (which you will learn about in CHEM 2412L), MS (which you will learn about later in CHEM 2411L) and IR. One of the IR signals is at 3530 cm-1. What functional group does this indicate might be present in compound 5b?

Steps and explanations. Also provide, if possible, ways to adress this kind of problems in general.

a. The first three lines of this procedure describe the reaction used to make compound 5b. In the fourth line, hexane and sodium bicarbonate are added. What organic lab technique is being used here? b. What is the purpose of the Na2SO4? c. What equipment would you use to “concentrate [a solution] under reduced pressure”?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.24NP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of vaporization ΔH_v_a_p and the enthalpy of sublimation ΔH_s_u_bneed to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Vaporization and sublimation are phase transition reactions which involve a change in the state of a substance from the liquid to the vapor/gas phase and from the solid to the gas phases respectively

Enthalpy changes associated with the reaction is essentially the amount of heat energy required for the phase transition. These are denoted as ΔH_v_a_pfor vaporization and ΔH_s_u_b for sublimation.

The relationship between pressure (P), temperature (T) and the enthalpy change ( ΔH) is given via the Clausius-Clapeyron equation:

lnP = −ΔHR(1T) + C -----(1)

Where R = 8.314 J/mol-K and C is a constant.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s for the solid needs to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Fusion is a phase transition process which involves the change in state from solid to liquid.

The amount of heat energy required for the phase change or the melting process is referred to as the enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The temperature and pressure at the triple point needs to be calculated

Concept Introduction:

Triple point is a thermodynamic space in which solid, liquid and gaseous phases of a substance coexist

At the triple point:

vapor pressure of the solid = Vapor pressure of the liquid

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.24NP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of vaporization ΔH_v_a_p and the enthalpy of sublimation ΔH_s_u_bneed to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Vaporization and sublimation are phase transition reactions which involve a change in the state of a substance from the liquid to the vapor/gas phase and from the solid to the gas phases respectively

Enthalpy changes associated with the reaction is essentially the amount of heat energy required for the phase transition. These are denoted as ΔH_v_a_pfor vaporization and ΔH_s_u_b for sublimation.

The relationship between pressure (P), temperature (T) and the enthalpy change ( ΔH) is given via the Clausius-Clapeyron equation:

lnP = −ΔHR(1T) + C -----(1)

Where R = 8.314 J/mol-K and C is a constant.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s for the solid needs to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Fusion is a phase transition process which involves the change in state from solid to liquid.

The amount of heat energy required for the phase change or the melting process is referred to as the enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The temperature and pressure at the triple point needs to be calculated

Concept Introduction:

Triple point is a thermodynamic space in which solid, liquid and gaseous phases of a substance coexist

At the triple point:

vapor pressure of the solid = Vapor pressure of the liquid

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.24NP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of vaporization ΔH_v_a_p and the enthalpy of sublimation ΔH_s_u_bneed to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Vaporization and sublimation are phase transition reactions which involve a change in the state of a substance from the liquid to the vapor/gas phase and from the solid to the gas phases respectively

Enthalpy changes associated with the reaction is essentially the amount of heat energy required for the phase transition. These are denoted as ΔH_v_a_pfor vaporization and ΔH_s_u_b for sublimation.

The relationship between pressure (P), temperature (T) and the enthalpy change ( ΔH) is given via the Clausius-Clapeyron equation:

lnP = −ΔHR(1T) + C -----(1)

Where R = 8.314 J/mol-K and C is a constant.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s for the solid needs to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Fusion is a phase transition process which involves the change in state from solid to liquid.

The amount of heat energy required for the phase change or the melting process is referred to as the enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The temperature and pressure at the triple point needs to be calculated

Concept Introduction:

Triple point is a thermodynamic space in which solid, liquid and gaseous phases of a substance coexist

At the triple point:

vapor pressure of the solid = Vapor pressure of the liquid

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 8, Problem 8.24NP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of vaporization ΔH_v_a_p and the enthalpy of sublimation ΔH_s_u_bneed to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Vaporization and sublimation are phase transition reactions which involve a change in the state of a substance from the liquid to the vapor/gas phase and from the solid to the gas phases respectively

Enthalpy changes associated with the reaction is essentially the amount of heat energy required for the phase transition. These are denoted as ΔH_v_a_pfor vaporization and ΔH_s_u_b for sublimation.

The relationship between pressure (P), temperature (T) and the enthalpy change ( ΔH) is given via the Clausius-Clapeyron equation:

lnP = −ΔHR(1T) + C -----(1)

Where R = 8.314 J/mol-K and C is a constant.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s for the solid needs to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Fusion is a phase transition process which involves the change in state from solid to liquid.

The amount of heat energy required for the phase change or the melting process is referred to as the enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The temperature and pressure at the triple point needs to be calculated

Concept Introduction:

Triple point is a thermodynamic space in which solid, liquid and gaseous phases of a substance coexist

At the triple point:

vapor pressure of the solid = Vapor pressure of the liquid

Answer 6

Chapter 8, Problem 8.24NP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of vaporization ΔH_v_a_p and the enthalpy of sublimation ΔH_s_u_bneed to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Vaporization and sublimation are phase transition reactions which involve a change in the state of a substance from the liquid to the vapor/gas phase and from the solid to the gas phases respectively

Enthalpy changes associated with the reaction is essentially the amount of heat energy required for the phase transition. These are denoted as ΔH_v_a_pfor vaporization and ΔH_s_u_b for sublimation.

The relationship between pressure (P), temperature (T) and the enthalpy change ( ΔH) is given via the Clausius-Clapeyron equation:

lnP = −ΔHR(1T) + C -----(1)

Where R = 8.314 J/mol-K and C is a constant.

Answer 7

Chapter 8, Problem 8.24NP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of vaporization ΔH_v_a_p and the enthalpy of sublimation ΔH_s_u_bneed to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Vaporization and sublimation are phase transition reactions which involve a change in the state of a substance from the liquid to the vapor/gas phase and from the solid to the gas phases respectively

Enthalpy changes associated with the reaction is essentially the amount of heat energy required for the phase transition. These are denoted as ΔH_v_a_pfor vaporization and ΔH_s_u_b for sublimation.

The relationship between pressure (P), temperature (T) and the enthalpy change ( ΔH) is given via the Clausius-Clapeyron equation:

lnP = −ΔHR(1T) + C -----(1)

Where R = 8.314 J/mol-K and C is a constant.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s for the solid needs to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Fusion is a phase transition process which involves the change in state from solid to liquid.

The amount of heat energy required for the phase change or the melting process is referred to as the enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s for the solid needs to be calculated from the given data

Concept Introduction:

Fusion is a phase transition process which involves the change in state from solid to liquid.

The amount of heat energy required for the phase change or the melting process is referred to as the enthalpy of fusion ΔH_f_u_s

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The temperature and pressure at the triple point needs to be calculated

Concept Introduction:

Triple point is a thermodynamic space in which solid, liquid and gaseous phases of a substance coexist

At the triple point:

vapor pressure of the solid = Vapor pressure of the liquid

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The temperature and pressure at the triple point needs to be calculated

Concept Introduction:

Triple point is a thermodynamic space in which solid, liquid and gaseous phases of a substance coexist

At the triple point:

vapor pressure of the solid = Vapor pressure of the liquid

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

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See solution

Answer 15

Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.1CP Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.2CP Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.3CP Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.4CP Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.5CP Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.6CP Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.7CP Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.8CP Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.9CP Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.10CP

Interpretation: The temperature and pressure at the triple point needs to be calculated Concept Introduction: Triple point is a thermodynamic space in which solid, liquid and gaseous phases of a substance coexist At the triple point: vapor pressure of the solid = Vapor pressure of the liquid

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Chapter 8 Solutions

Interpretation:

The temperature and pressure at the triple point needs to be calculated

Concept Introduction:

Triple point is a thermodynamic space in which solid, liquid and gaseous phases of a substance coexist

At the triple point:

vapor pressure of the solid = Vapor pressure of the liquid