Explanation Intermolecular forces are electrostatic in nature as they arise from the interaction between positive and negative charges. This separation of charges creates a dipole. The key forces of interaction are: Dipole-Dipole forces: These forces are operational in polar molecules which have an inherent positive and a negative terminal i.e. they have a permanent dipole. The dipoles arrange themselves such that the positive end of one molecule aligns with the negative end of the other. This creates more attractive interactions which makes dipole-dipole forces one of the stronger classes of intermolecular forces. Dispersion forces: These forces are shown by non-polar molecules which lack a permanent dipole. When two non-polar molecules approach each other, there is a temporary disturbance of the electron clouds which creates an instantaneous dipole that holds the molecules together...

3rd Edition

ISBN: 9781285199023

Author: Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Publisher: Cengage Learning

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Question

Chapter 8, Problem 7CO

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The key intermolecular forces operating in a particular substance should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical bonds are essentially intramolecular forces that hold a molecule together.

Intermolecular forces act between molecules and are responsible for the physical nature of the molecule i.e. a solid, liquid or gaseous state.

They determine the melting point of solids, boiling point of liquids and the vapor pressure of gases.

Expert Solution & Answer

Chapter 8 Solutions

Chemistry for Engineering Students

Ch. 8 - Prob. 1CO Ch. 8 - • describe the arrangement of atoms in the common...Ch. 8 - • use bind theory to describe bonding in solids.Ch. 8 - Prob. 4CO Ch. 8 - Prob. 5CO Ch. 8 - Prob. 6CO Ch. 8 - Prob. 7CO Ch. 8 - • explain the connection between intermolecular...Ch. 8 - Prob. 9CO Ch. 8 - Prob. 10CO

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Similar questions

Classify each of the following statements as true or false. a Intermolecular attractions are stronger in liquids than in gases. b Substances with weak intermolecular attractions generally have low vapor pressures. c Liquids with high molar heats of vaporization usually are more viscous than liquids with low molar heats of vaporization. d A substance with a relatively high surface tension usually has a very low boiling point. e All other things being equal, hydrogen bonds are weaker than induced dipole or dipole forces. f Induced dipole forces become very strong between large molecules. g Other things being equal, nonpolar molecules have stronger intermolecular attractions than polar molecules. h The essential feature of a dynamic equilibrium is that the rates of opposing changes are equal. i Equilibrium vapor pressure depends on the concentration of a vapor above its own liquid. j The heat of vaporization is equal to the heat of fusion, but with opposite sign. k The boiling point of a liquid is a fixed property of the liquid. l If you break shatter an amorphous solid, it will break in straight lines, but if you break a crystalline solid, it will break in curved lines. m Ionic crystals are seldom soluble in water. n Molecular crystals are nearly always soluble in water. o The numerical value of heat of vaporization is always larger than the numerical value of heat of condensation. p The units of heat of fusion are kJ/gC. q The temperature of water drops while it is freezing. r Specific heat is conerned with a change in temperature.
The compounds ethanol (C2H5OH) and dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3) have the same molecular formula. Which is expected to have the higher surface tension? Why?

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