The outcome of the reaction of tert-pentylchloride with propene and its mechanistic steps are to be predicted. Concept introduction: Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair. Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair. Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction. Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction. Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules. Carbocation is a molecule having a carbon atom bearing three bonds and a positive formal charge. Carbocation are generally unstable because they do not have eight electrons to satisfy the octet rule. The order of stability of carbocation is such that the tertiary carbocation is the most stable whereas the primary carbocation is the least stable, and secondary carbocation lies between primary and tertiary carbocations. If primary carbocation is obtained in product, it rearranges itself to secondary or tertiary carbocation to form more stable product. If secondary carbocation is obtained in product, it rearranges itself to tertiary carbocation to form more stable product.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 60P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The outcome of the reaction of tert-pentylchloride with propene and its mechanistic steps are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Carbocation is a molecule having a carbon atom bearing three bonds and a positive formal charge.

Carbocation are generally unstable because they do not have eight electrons to satisfy the octet rule.

The order of stability of carbocation is such that the tertiary carbocation is the most stable whereas the primary carbocation is the least stable, and secondary carbocation lies between primary and tertiary carbocations.

If primary carbocation is obtained in product, it rearranges itself to secondary or tertiary carbocation to form more stable product.

If secondary carbocation is obtained in product, it rearranges itself to tertiary carbocation to form more stable product.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Hydrocarbon A, C9H12 absorbs 3 equiv. of hydrogen to give B, C9H18 when hydrogenated over a Pd/C catalyst. Treatment of A with aqueous H2SO4 and Hg(II) gives two isomeric ketones, C & D. Oxidation of A with KMnO4 gives acetic acid and the tricarboxylic acid E shown below. Propose a structure for A.

Two substitution products result from the reaction between 3-chloro-3-methyl-1- butene with sodium acetate (CH3COO – Na +) in acetic acid under SN1. Identify the products.

When the given reactions below are done once, which of the following reactions is used to prepare dihalogenated alkyl halides as major products? Select one: O Reaction of ethane with Cl₂ in the presence of light Reaction of ethene with HBr Reaction of ethyne with two moles of HCI Reaction of ethene with Br₂ in H₂O