Biology (MindTap Course List)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781285423586
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7.5, Problem 1C
PREDICT Which has the most energy, the oxidized form of a substance or its reduced form? What is responsible for the difference?
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Which has the most energy, the oxidized form of a substance or its reduced form? What is responsible for the difference?
Determine the direction that each of the reactions will progress.
Assume that the reactants and products are present in equimolar amounts. The standard free energy of hydrolysis of ATP is
- 30.5 kJ/mol.
fructose + ATP
fructose 6-phosphate + ADP
The standard free energy of hydrolysis for fructose 6-phosphate is -15.9 kJ/mol.
3-phosphoglycerate + ATP
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP
The standard free energy of hydrolysis for 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is -49.3 kJ/mol.
creatine + ATP
creatine phosphate + ADP
The standard free energy of hydrolysis for creatine phosphate is -43.0 kJ/mol.
For the equation H20 (g) --> H20 (1) answer the following questions:
Q1) Is it endothermic or exothermic?
Q2) How does energy flow?
Q3) What happens to the molecules?
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 7.1 - Define energy, emphasizing how it is related to...Ch. 7.1 - Use examples to contrast potential energy and...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 7.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.2 - Life is sometimes described as a constant struggle...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 4LOCh. 7.3 - Prob. 5LOCh. 7.3 - Prob. 6LOCh. 7.3 - Prob. 1C
Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 7.4 - Explain how the chemical structure of ATP allows...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 7.5 - Relate the transfer of electrons (or hydrogen...Ch. 7.5 - PREDICT Which has the most energy, the oxidized...Ch. 7.6 - Explain how an enzyme lowers the required energy...Ch. 7.6 - Describe specific ways enzymes are regulated.Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.6 - How does the function of the active site of an...Ch. 7.6 - How are temperature and pH optima of an enzyme...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 4CCh. 7 - Which of the following can do work in a cell? (a)...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 7 - Test Your Understanding 4. Diffusion is an (a)...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 7 - Test Your Understanding 8. Induced fit means that...Ch. 7 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 7 - PREDICT In the following reaction series, which...Ch. 7 - Test Your Understanding 12. EVOLUTION link All...Ch. 7 - EVOLUTION LINK Some have argued that evolution is...Ch. 7 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 16TYU
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- Compare fats and carbohydrates as energy sources in terms of the amount of energy released per mole, and account for the observed energy difference.arrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly describes the linkages found in ATP? two anhydrides, a phospho ester and a glycosidic bond two anhydrides, two phospho esters and a glycosidic bond three anhydrides, a phospho ester and a glycosidic bond one anhydride, two esters and a glycosidic bondarrow_forwardName and describe the essential characteristics of the three energy systems (remember to include the enzymes.arrow_forward
- Write a balanced equation showing the conversion of glucose and oxygen to carbon dioxide and water: (a) Indicate in your equation which molecule becomes reduced? (b) Indicate in your equation which molecule becomes oxidized? (c) What happens to the energy that is released in this redox reaction? (d) Name the oxidizing agent.arrow_forwardFor each of the following pairs of molecules, indicate which member of the pair is reduced and which is oxidized, and which has more chemical energy and which has less chemical energy: NAD1/NADH; FAD/FADH2;CO2/C6H12O6.arrow_forwardName three important metabolic oxidants.arrow_forward
- Indicate whether each of the following electron carriers is in its oxidized form or its reduced form. Fe(III) SP c) NADH Cyt b (Fe+3) d) FADarrow_forwardTwenty-three milligrams of glucose were eaten by the bacteria Sanacoccus pumasareus. Calculate the hypothetical amount of ATP your patient can generate under fermentative metabolism with this amount of glucose. (Note: Glucose MW-180.16 g/mole; 1 mole= 6.02 x 1023 molecules (Avogadro's number)). O2.8 x 10^21 ATPs 01.5 x 10 20 ATPs 01.5 x 10^21 ATPs O2.8 x 10^20 ATPs O No ATP produced since it's fermentation O Lacks information, cannot be determined Nexte Previousarrow_forwardDefine potential energy and kinetic energy and provide two specific examples of each. Explain how one form of energy can be converted into another. Will some energy be lost during this conversion? If so, what form will it take?arrow_forward
- Compare energy from the oxidation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. For example, 18:0 fatty acid vs 18:1∆9 fatty acid. Which one produces more energy?arrow_forwardWrite down the energy content in kilo-calories (kcal) from one gram of fat, one gram of carbohydrate and one gram of protein obtained by complete combustion in calorimeter (assume by yourself and show the calculation steps) and by completely broken down in human body in the following table. Please give references. Complete combustion in calorimeter * Completely broken down in body 1 g of Fat 1 g of Protein 1 g of Carbohydrate 1 g of Mixed Foodarrow_forwardThe primary source of phosphate for chemical reactions in cells comes as ATP, ADP, or AMP. The ΔG˚’ for the hydrolysis of ATP into ADP and Pi is -30.5 kJ/mol. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the hydrolysis of ATP.arrow_forward
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