Biology Science Notebook
Biology Science Notebook
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780078961014
Author: GLENCOE
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 7.3, Problem 4MI
Summary Introduction

To determine: comparison between chloroplast and mitochondria, vacuole and centriole, cilium and flagellum.

Introduction:

The cell organelle is a specialized subunit. The cell organelles are present inside the cell and perform specific functions. The common organelles are chloroplast, vacuoles, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, flagella, cilia, nucleus, and centriole in the cell.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

    characteristics chloroplast mitochondria
    MorphologyFunctionsThe chloroplast is present only in the plant cells and contains a green color pigment called chlorophyll.
    photosynthesis
    The mitochondrion is a membrane-bound oval shape structure. It is present in plant and animal cells. Mitochondria are known as a powerhouse of the cell.
    Cellular respiration and also include in ATP formation.
    VacuoleCentriole
    MorphologyFunctionsThe vacuole is a fluid-filled, membrane-bound organelle present within the cytoplasm.
    It provides rigidity and shape to the plants and helps in excretion, digestion, and storage of the substance.
    The centriole is a small set of nine microtubules and is found in pairs.
    At the time of cell division, it
    Move towards the opposite ends of the nucleus.
    CiliumFlagella
    MorphologyFunctionsCilia are hair-like, a short structure present in the lungs, middle ear, and respiratory tract.
    The main function of cilia is to move particles, which allow particle outside the cells to move away.
    Flagella are hair-like, a long structure that extends from the plasma membrane.
    The functions of the flagellum to move an entire cell, for example, Euglena and sperm.
Conclusion

Therefore mitochondria, chloroplast, cilia, flagella, vacuole, and centriole are different from morphology and function. All organelles of the cell are important for living organisms.

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