Chapter 7.1, Problem 1NV

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Definition of the term cell, cell theory, plasma membrane, organelle, eukaryotic cells, nucleus, prokaryotic cells.

Explanation of Solution

Cell: It is a basic functional and structural unit of life. A cell has all the characteristics essential for a living organism. Every organism is made up of cells. Some organisms are made up of a single cell and some of them are made up of multiple cells.

Cell theory: It is a theory that states all living organism are made of cells and it is a basic unit of a living organism and a cell always arise from a preexisting cell. It also explains the basic components of a cell.

Plasma membrane: It is also known as the cell membrane that encloses the components of a cell, hence, can also be referred to as the boundary of the cells. It separates the external and internal environment of a cell.

Organelle: It is a subcellular structure that is similar to an organ of the cells. They are generally membrane-bound and perform specific functions.

Eukaryotic cells: The term eukaryotic cell represents a cell having a true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They are advanced type cells. Example- animal cells.

Nucleus: Th nucleus is an organelle, which contains the DNA or the genetic material of the cells. It is enclosed by a nuclear membrane that separates the internal component of the nucleus from the cytoplasm.

Prokaryotic cells: The term prokaryotic cell represents a primitive cell that does not have a nucleus and represent a simple cellular organization. These cells lack membrane-bound organelles and has genetic material suspended in the cytoplasm. Example- bacterial cell.