Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7.2, Problem 1C
Summary Introduction
To explain: The first laws of
Introduction: Thermodynamics is the study of energy and its transformations that drives all activities of the universe. The system that does not exchange energy with its surroundings is known as a closed system. The system that exchanges energy with its surroundings is known as an open system. There are two laws of thermodynamics, namely: the first law and the second law.
Summary Introduction
To explain: The second laws of thermodynamics.
Introduction: Thermodynamics is the study of energy and its transformations that drives all activities of the universe. The system that does not exchange energy with its surroundings is known as closed system. The system that exchanges energy with its surroundings is known as open system. There are two laws of thermodynamics, namely, the first law and the second law.
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what is the first and 2nd law of thermodynamics? define and what are the implications of those laws?
what is the importance of the first law of thermodynamics in biological systems, especially living organisms?
1) Which of the following statements is true for the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
a) ΔS (Sfinal-Sinitial) for the system is negative.
b) The living system is not exchanging heat nor matter.
c) Energy is conserved in the universe.
d) The biological system never reach equilibrium.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 7.1 - Define energy, emphasizing how it is related to...Ch. 7.1 - Use examples to contrast potential energy and...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 7.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.2 - Life is sometimes described as a constant struggle...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 4LOCh. 7.3 - Prob. 5LOCh. 7.3 - Prob. 6LOCh. 7.3 - Prob. 1C
Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 7.4 - Explain how the chemical structure of ATP allows...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 7.5 - Relate the transfer of electrons (or hydrogen...Ch. 7.5 - PREDICT Which has the most energy, the oxidized...Ch. 7.6 - Explain how an enzyme lowers the required energy...Ch. 7.6 - Describe specific ways enzymes are regulated.Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 7.6 - How does the function of the active site of an...Ch. 7.6 - How are temperature and pH optima of an enzyme...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 4CCh. 7 - Which of the following can do work in a cell? (a)...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 7 - Test Your Understanding 4. Diffusion is an (a)...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 7 - Test Your Understanding 8. Induced fit means that...Ch. 7 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 7 - PREDICT In the following reaction series, which...Ch. 7 - Test Your Understanding 12. EVOLUTION link All...Ch. 7 - EVOLUTION LINK Some have argued that evolution is...Ch. 7 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 16TYU
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- Which of the following is/are true concerning the first law of thermodynamics? A) Energy cannot be created or destroyed. B) The total amount of energy in the universe is constant. C) Energy can be converted from one form to another. D) It is sometimes referred to as the law of conservation of energy. E) All of the above are true.arrow_forwardLiving organisms increase in complexity as they grow, resulting in a decrease in the entropy of an organism. How does this relate to the second law of thermodynamics?arrow_forwardWhat are the Determinants of Reaction Rates?arrow_forward
- Why the endergonic reactions are thermodynamically unfavorable?arrow_forwardOf the three thermodynamic quantities, enthalpy, free energy, and entropy, which provides the most useful indicator of spontaneity in a reaction? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true concerning thermodynamics of reactions within a cell? a) Spontaneous reactions always consume energy b) Unfavorable reactions can be coupled to nonspontaneous reactions c) Compartmentalization can be used to drive up the concentration of substrates to force a reaction to occur d) All important reactions are spontaneousarrow_forward
- Life is sometimes described as a constant struggle against the second law of thermodynamics. How do organisms succeed in this struggle?arrow_forwardThe first and second laws of thermodynamics are useful for biochemists who investigate chemical reactions in living organisms. Explain why the third law is not useful.arrow_forwardis this question true or falsearrow_forward
- You and a friend are eating dinner together, and a number of events occur during your dinner that call to mind the Laws of Thermodynamics. Match each event to the most relevant Law of Thermodynamics. Your food is cooked on a propane grill, which converts the chemical energy from propane and oxygen into the heat used to cook the food, First Law of Thermodynamics Second Law of Thermodynamics Your meals arrive, and your friend enjoys eating her steak, which contains chemical energy that will be converted into other forms of chemical energy within her body. After the meal, you go for a walk. The chemical energy from dinner will help generate ATP to fuel the skeletal muscles used for walking. The waiter brings a basket of bread, but as you eat it crumbs are scattered on the table. Your glass of water falls off the table and breaks into many pieces.arrow_forward_____1. Which form of energy is Not correctly associated with an example? a) kinetic energy : fat molecules b) kinetic energy : movement of muscles c) chemical energy : glucose d) potential energy : water held behind a dam e) potential energy : ATP _____2. Which Best describes the first law of thermodynamics? a) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter. b) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another. c) Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter. d) Some useful energy is lost as heat whenever an energy transfer occurs. e) Energy transfers are always 100% efficient in changing energy from one useful form to another. _____3. Which Best describes the second law of thermodynamics? a) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter. b) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another. c) Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter. d)…arrow_forwardwhat is free Gibbs energy and write the expression of free energy change. Define the exergonic and endergonic processes.arrow_forward
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